What’s New In Python 3.13¶
- Release:
3.13.0a0
- Date:
May 31, 2023
This article explains the new features in Python 3.13, compared to 3.12.
For full details, see the changelog.
Note
Prerelease users should be aware that this document is currently in draft form. It will be updated substantially as Python 3.13 moves towards release, so it’s worth checking back even after reading earlier versions.
Summary – Release highlights¶
New Features¶
Other Language Changes¶
New Modules¶
None yet.
Improved Modules¶
io¶
The io.IOBase
finalizer now logs the close()
method errors with
sys.unraisablehook
. Previously, errors were ignored silently by default,
and only logged in Python Development Mode or on Python
built on debug mode.
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-62948.)
pathlib¶
Add support for recursive wildcards in
pathlib.PurePath.match()
. (Contributed by Barney Gale in gh-73435.)Add follow_symlinks keyword-only argument to
pathlib.Path.glob()
andrglob()
. (Contributed by Barney Gale in gh-77609.)
Optimizations¶
Deprecated¶
wave
: Deprecate thegetmark()
,setmark()
andgetmarkers()
methods of thewave.Wave_read
andwave.Wave_write
classes. They will be removed in Python 3.15. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-105096.)
Removed¶
PEP 594: Remove the
telnetlib
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: use the projects telnetlib3 or Exscript instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)Remove the
2to3
program and thelib2to3
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104780.)Namespaces
typing.io
andtyping.re
, deprecated in Python 3.8, are now removed. The items in those namespaces can be imported directly fromtyping
. (Contributed by Sebastian Rittau in gh-92871.)Remove the untested and undocumented
webbrowser
MacOSX
class, deprecated in Python 3.11. Use theMacOSXOSAScript
class (introduced in Python 3.2) instead. (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in gh-104804.)Remove support for using
pathlib.Path
objects as context managers. This functionality was deprecated and made a no-op in Python 3.9.Remove the undocumented
configparser.LegacyInterpolation
class, deprecated in the docstring since Python 3.2, and with a deprecation warning since Python 3.11. (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in gh-104886.)Remove the
turtle.RawTurtle.settiltangle()
method, deprecated in docs since Python 3.1 and with a deprecation warning since Python 3.11. (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in gh-104876.)Removed the following
unittest
functions, deprecated in Python 3.11:unittest.findTestCases()
unittest.makeSuite()
unittest.getTestCaseNames()
Use
TestLoader
methods instead:(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in gh-104835.)
PEP 594: Remove the
cgi
andcgitb
modules, deprecated in Python 3.11.cgi.FieldStorage
can typically be replaced withurllib.parse.parse_qsl()
forGET
andHEAD
requests, and theemail.message
module or multipart PyPI project forPOST
andPUT
.cgi.parse()
can be replaced by callingurllib.parse.parse_qs()
directly on the desired query string, except formultipart/form-data
input, which can be handled as described forcgi.parse_multipart()
.cgi.parse_multipart()
can be replaced with the functionality in theemail
package (e.g.email.message.EmailMessage
andemail.message.Message
) which implements the same MIME RFCs, or with the multipart PyPI project.cgi.parse_header()
can be replaced with the functionality in theemail
package, which implements the same MIME RFCs. For example, withemail.message.EmailMessage
:from email.message import EmailMessage msg = EmailMessage() msg['content-type'] = 'application/json; charset="utf8"' main, params = msg.get_content_type(), msg['content-type'].params
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)
PEP 594: Remove the
sndhdr
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: use the projects filetype, puremagic, or python-magic instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
pipes
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: use thesubprocess
module instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
ossaudiodev
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: use the pygame project for audio playback. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104780.)PEP 594: Remove the
sunau
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
mailcap
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. Themimetypes
module provides an alternative. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
spwd
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: the python-pam project can be used instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
nntplib
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: the PyPI nntplib project can be used instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
nis
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
xdrlib
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
msilib
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Zachary Ware in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
crypt
module and its private_crypt
extension, deprecated in Python 3.11. Thehashlib
module is a potential replacement for certain use cases. Otherwise, the following PyPI projects can be used:bcrypt: Modern password hashing for your software and your servers.
passlib: Comprehensive password hashing framework supporting over 30 schemes.
argon2-cffi: The secure Argon2 password hashing algorithm.
legacycrypt: Wrapper to the POSIX crypt library call and associated functionality.
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)
PEP 594: Remove the
uu
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: thebase64
module is a modern alternative. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
aifc
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
audioop
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)PEP 594: Remove the
chunk
module, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)Remove support for the keyword-argument method of creating
typing.TypedDict
types, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Tomas Roun in gh-104786.)PEP 594: Remove the
imghdr
module, deprecated in Python 3.11: use the projects filetype, puremagic, or python-magic instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-104773.)Remove the untested and undocumented
unittest.TestProgram.usageExit()
method, deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in gh-104992.)Remove the
tkinter.tix
module, deprecated in Python 3.6. The third-party Tix library which the module wrapped is unmaintained. (Contributed by Zachary Ware in gh-75552.)Remove the old trashcan macros
Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN
andPy_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END
. They should be replaced by the new macrosPy_TRASHCAN_BEGIN
andPy_TRASHCAN_END
. The new macros were added in Python 3.8 and the old macros were deprecated in Python 3.11. (Contributed by Irit Katriel in gh-105111.)
Porting to Python 3.13¶
This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes that may require changes to your code.
The old trashcan macros
Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN
andPy_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END
were removed. They should be replaced by the new macrosPy_TRASHCAN_BEGIN
andPy_TRASHCAN_END
.A tp_dealloc function that has the old macros, such as:
static void mytype_dealloc(mytype *p) { PyObject_GC_UnTrack(p); Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN(p); ... Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END }
should migrate to the new macros as follows:
static void mytype_dealloc(mytype *p) { PyObject_GC_UnTrack(p); Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN(p, mytype_dealloc) ... Py_TRASHCAN_END }
Note that
Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN
has a second argument which should be the deallocation function it is in.
Build Changes¶
C API Changes¶
New Features¶
You no longer have to define the
PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
macro before includingPython.h
when using#
formats in format codes. APIs accepting the format codes always usePy_ssize_t
for#
formats. (Contributed by Inada Naoki in gh-104922.)
Porting to Python 3.13¶
Deprecated¶
Removed¶
Remove functions deprecated in Python 3.9.
PyEval_CallObject()
,PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords()
: usePyObject_CallNoArgs()
orPyObject_Call()
instead. Warning:PyObject_Call()
positional arguments must be atuple
and must not be NULL, keyword arguments must be adict
or NULL, whereas removed functions checked arguments type and accepted NULL positional and keyword arguments. To replacePyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords(func, NULL, kwargs)
withPyObject_Call()
, pass an empty tuple as positional arguments usingPyTuple_New(0)
.PyEval_CallFunction()
: usePyObject_CallFunction()
instead.PyEval_CallMethod()
: usePyObject_CallMethod()
instead.
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in gh-105107.)