# DateTime 物件

Various date and time objects are supplied by the `datetime` module. Before using any of these functions, the header file `datetime.h` must be included in your source (note that this is not included by `Python.h`), and the macro `PyDateTime_IMPORT` must be invoked, usually as part of the module initialisation function. The macro puts a pointer to a C structure into a static variable, `PyDateTimeAPI`, that is used by the following macros.

Macro for access to the UTC singleton:

PyObject* `PyDateTime_TimeZone_UTC`

  Returns the time zone singleton representing UTC, the same object as `datetime.timezone.utc`.

  3.7 版新加入.

Type-check macros:

int `PyDate_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_DateType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyDate_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyDateTime_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateTimeType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_DateTimeType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyDateTime_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateTimeType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyTime_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TimeType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_TimeType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyTime_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TimeType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyDelta_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DeltaType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_DeltaType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyDelta_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DeltaType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyTZInfo_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TZInfoType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyTZInfo_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. ob must not be NULL.

Macros to create objects:

PyObject* `PyDate_FromDate`(int year, int month, int day)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.date` object with the specified year, month and day.

PyObject* `PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime`(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second and microsecond.

PyObject* `PyDateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold`(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.

  3.6 版新加入.

PyObject* `PyTime_FromTime`(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second and microsecond.

PyObject* `PyTime_FromTimeAndFold`(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.

  3.6 版新加入.

PyObject* `PyDelta_FromDSU`(int days, int seconds, int useconds)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timedelta` object representing the given number of days, seconds and microseconds. Normalization is performed so that the resulting number of microseconds and seconds lie in the ranges documented for `datetime.timedelta` objects.

PyObject* `PyTimeZone_FromOffset`(PyDateTime_DeltaType* offset)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timezone` object with an unnamed fixed offset represented by the offset argument.

  3.7 版新加入.

PyObject* `PyTimeZone_FromOffsetAndName`(PyDateTime_DeltaType* offset, PyUnicode* name)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timezone` object with a fixed offset represented by the offset argument and with tzname name.

  3.7 版新加入.

Macros to extract fields from date objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Date`, including subclasses (such as `PyDateTime_DateTime`). The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_GET_YEAR`(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  回傳年份，為正整數。

int `PyDateTime_GET_MONTH`(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  回傳月份，為正整數，從 1 到 12。

int `PyDateTime_GET_DAY`(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  回傳日期，為正整數，從 1 到 31。

Macros to extract fields from datetime objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_DateTime`, including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  回傳小時，為正整數，從 0 到 23。

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  回傳分鐘，為正整數，從 0 到 59。

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  回傳秒，為正整數，從0 到59。

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  回傳微秒，為正整數，從 0 到 999999。

Macros to extract fields from time objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Time`, including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  回傳小時，為正整數，從 0 到 23。

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  回傳分鐘，為正整數，從 0 到 59。

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  回傳秒，為正整數，從0 到59。

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  回傳微秒，為正整數，從 0 到 999999。

Macros to extract fields from time delta objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Delta`, including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS`(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  Return the number of days, as an int from -999999999 to 999999999.

  3.3 版新加入.

int `PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS`(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  Return the number of seconds, as an int from 0 through 86399.

  3.3 版新加入.

int `PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS`(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  Return the number of microseconds, as an int from 0 through 999999.

  3.3 版新加入.

Macros for the convenience of modules implementing the DB API:

PyObject* `PyDateTime_FromTimestamp`(PyObject *args)
  Return value: New reference.

  Create and return a new `datetime.datetime` object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to `datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp()`.

PyObject* `PyDate_FromTimestamp`(PyObject *args)
  Return value: New reference.

  Create and return a new `datetime.date` object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to `datetime.date.fromtimestamp()`.