21.11. http — HTTP 模块

源代码: Lib/http/__init__.py

http 是一个包，它收集了多个用于处理超文本传输协议的模块:

http 也是一个通过 http.HTTPStatus 枚举定义了一些 HTTP 状态码以及相关联消息的模块

class http.HTTPStatus

3.5 版新加入.

enum.IntEnum 的子类，它定义了组 HTTP 状态码，原理短语以及用英语书写的长描述文本。

用法:

>>> from http import HTTPStatus
>>> HTTPStatus.OK
<HTTPStatus.OK: 200>
>>> HTTPStatus.OK == 200
True
>>> http.HTTPStatus.OK.value
200
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.phrase
'OK'
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.description
'Request fulfilled, document follows'
>>> list(HTTPStatus)
[<HTTPStatus.CONTINUE: 100>, <HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS: 101>, ...]

21.11.1. HTTP 状态码

已支持并且已在 http.HTTPStatus IANA 注册 的状态码有：

双字母代码

映射名

详情

100

CONTINUE：继续

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.1

101

SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.2

102

PROCESSING

WebDAV RFC 2518, Section 10.1

200

OK

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.1

201

CREATED

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.2

202

ACCEPTED

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.3

203

NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.4

204

NO_CONTENT: 没有内容

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.5

205

RESET_CONTENT

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.6

206

PARTIAL_CONTENT

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7233, Section 4.1

207

MULTI_STATUS

WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.1

208

ALREADY_REPORTED

WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.1 (Experimental)

226

IM_USED

Delta Encoding in HTTP RFC 3229, Section 10.4.1

300

MULTIPLE_CHOICES：有多种资源可选择

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.1

301

MOVED_PERMANENTLY：永久移动

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.2

302

FOUND：临时移动

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.3

303

SEE_OTHER：已经移动

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4

304

NOT_MODIFIED：没有修改

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.1

305

USE_PROXY：使用代理

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.5

307

TEMPORARY_REDIRECT：临时重定向

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.7

308

PERMANENT_REDIRECT：永久重定向

Permanent Redirect RFC 7238, Section 3 (Experimental)

400

BAD_REQUEST：错误请求

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.1

401

UNAUTHORIZED：未授权

HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1

402

PAYMENT_REQUIRED：保留，将来使用

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.2

403

FORBIDDEN：禁止

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.3

404

NOT_FOUND：没有找到

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.4

405

METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED：该请求方法不允许

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.5

406

NOT_ACCEPTABLE：不可接受

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.6

407

PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED：要求使用代理验明正身

HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.2

408

REQUEST_TIMEOUT：请求超时

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.7

409

CONFLICT：冲突

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.8

410

GONE：已经不在了

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.9

411

LENGTH_REQUIRED：长度要求

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.10

412

PRECONDITION_FAILED：前提条件错误

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.2

413

REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE：请求体太大了

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.11

414

REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG：请求URI太长了

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.12

415

UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE：不支持的媒体格式

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.13

416

REQUEST_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE

HTTP/1.1 Range Requests RFC 7233, Section 4.4

417

EXPECTATION_FAILED：期望失败

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.14

422

UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY：可加工实体

WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.2

423

LOCKED：锁着

WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.3

424

FAILED_DEPENDENCY：失败的依赖

WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.4

426

UPGRADE_REQUIRED：升级需要

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.15

428

PRECONDITION_REQUIRED：先决条件要求

Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585

429

TOO_MANY_REQUESTS：太多的请求

Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585

431

REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE：请求头太大

Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585

500

INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR：内部服务错误

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.1

501

NOT_IMPLEMENTED：不可执行

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.2

502

BAD_GATEWAY：无效网关

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.3

503

SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE：服务不可用

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.4

504

GATEWAY_TIMEOUT：网关超时

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.5

505

HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED：HTTP版本不支持

HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.6

506

VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES：服务器存在内部配置错误

透明内容协商在： HTTP RFC 2295, Section 8.1 (实验性的)

507

INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE：存储不足

WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.5

508

LOOP_DETECTED：循环检测

WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Experimental)

510

NOT_EXTENDED：不扩展

An HTTP Extension Framework RFC 2774, Section 7 (Experimental)

511

NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED：要求网络身份验证

Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585, Section 6

为了保持向后兼容性，枚举值也以常量形式出现在 http.client 模块中，。 枚举名等于常量名 (例如 http.HTTPStatus.OK 也可以是 http.client.OK)。