# `spwd` --- shadow 密碼資料庫

Deprecated since version 3.11, will be removed in version 3.13: `spwd` 模組 (module) 即將被棄用（詳情與替代方案請見 PEP 594）。

This module provides access to the Unix shadow password database. It is available on various Unix versions.

Availability: not Emscripten, not WASI.

此模組在 WebAssembly 平台 `wasm32-emscripten` 和 `wasm32-wasi` 上無法作用或無法使用。有關更多資訊，請參閱 WebAssembly 平台。

You must have enough privileges to access the shadow password database (this usually means you have to be root).

Shadow password database entries are reported as a tuple-like object, whose attributes correspond to the members of the `spwd` structure (Attribute field below, see `<shadow.h>`):

Index | 屬性 | 含義
--- | --- | ---
0 | `sp_namp` | Login name
1 | `sp_pwdp` | Encrypted password
2 | `sp_lstchg` | Date of last change
3 | `sp_min` | Minimal number of days between changes
4 | `sp_max` | Maximum number of days between changes
5 | `sp_warn` | Number of days before password expires to warn user about it
6 | `sp_inact` | Number of days after password expires until account is disabled
7 | `sp_expire` | Number of days since 1970-01-01 when account expires
8 | `sp_flag` | Reserved

The sp_namp and sp_pwdp items are strings, all others are integers. `KeyError` is raised if the entry asked for cannot be found.

The following functions are defined:

spwd.getspnam(name)

  Return the shadow password database entry for the given user name.

  在 3.6 版的變更: Raises a `PermissionError` instead of `KeyError` if the user doesn't have privileges.

spwd.getspall()

  Return a list of all available shadow password database entries, in arbitrary order.

也參考

`grp` 模組

  An interface to the group database, similar to this.

`pwd` 模組

  An interface to the normal password database, similar to this.