Binary Data Services
********************

The modules described in this chapter provide some basic services
operations for manipulation of binary data. Other operations on binary
data, specifically in relation to file formats and network protocols,
are described in the relevant sections.

Some libraries described under 文本處理 (Text Processing) 服務 also
work with either ASCII-compatible binary formats (for example, "re")
or all binary data (for example, "difflib").

In addition, see the documentation for Python's built-in binary data
types in Binary Sequence Types --- bytes, bytearray, memoryview.

* "struct" --- Interpret bytes as packed binary data

  * 函式與例外

  * Format Strings

    * Byte Order, Size, and Alignment

    * Format Characters

    * 範例

  * Applications

    * Native Formats

    * Standard Formats

  * Classes

* "codecs" --- Codec registry and base classes

  * Codec Base Classes

    * Error Handlers

    * Stateless Encoding and Decoding

    * Incremental Encoding and Decoding

      * IncrementalEncoder 物件

      * IncrementalDecoder 物件

    * Stream Encoding and Decoding

      * StreamWriter 物件

      * StreamReader 物件

      * StreamReaderWriter 物件

      * StreamRecoder 物件

  * Encodings and Unicode

  * Standard Encodings

  * Python Specific Encodings

    * Text Encodings

    * Binary Transforms

    * Text Transforms

  * "encodings.idna" --- Internationalized Domain Names in
    Applications

  * "encodings.mbcs" --- Windows ANSI codepage

  * "encodings.utf_8_sig" --- UTF-8 codec with BOM signature
