msilib --- 读写 Microsoft Installer 文件

源代码: Lib/msilib/__init__.py

3.11 版后已移除: msilib 模块已被弃用（请参阅 PEP 594 了解详情）。

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msilib 支持创建 Microsoft 安装器 (.msi) 文件。 由于这种文件往往包含一个嵌入的 "cabinet" 文件 (.cab)，它也暴露了一个用于创建 CAB 文件的 API。 目前没有实现对读取 .cab 文件的支持；对于读取 .msi 数据库的支持则是可能的。

这个包的目标是提供对 .msi 文件中的全部表的完整访问，因此，它是一个相当低层级的 API。 这个包的两个主要应用是 distutils 命令 bdist_msi，以及创建 Python 安装程序包本身 (尽管它目前是使用不同版本的 msilib)。

这个包的内容可以大致分为四个部分：低层级 CAB 例程、低层级 MSI 例程、高层级 MSI 例程以及标准表结构。

msilib.FCICreate(cabname, files)

新建一个名为 cabname 的 CAB 文件。 files 必须是一个元组的列表，其中每个元组包含磁盘文件的名称，以及 CAB 文件内文件的名称。

这些文件将按照它们在列表中出现的顺序被添加到 CAB 文件中。 所有文件都会被添加到单个 CAB 文件，使用 MSZIP 压缩算法。

目前没有暴露 MSI 创建的各个步骤对 Python 的回调。

msilib.UuidCreate()

返回一个新的唯一标识符的字符串表示形式。 这封装了 Windows API 函数 UuidCreate() 和 UuidToString()。

msilib.OpenDatabase(path, persist)

通过调用 MsiOpenDatabase 来返回一个新的数据库对象。 path 为 MSI 文件的名称；persist 可以是常量 MSIDBOPEN_CREATEDIRECT, MSIDBOPEN_CREATE, MSIDBOPEN_DIRECT, MSIDBOPEN_READONLY 或 MSIDBOPEN_TRANSACT 中的一个，并可能包括旗标 MSIDBOPEN_PATCHFILE。 请参阅 Microsoft 文档了解这些旗标的含义；根据这些旗标，将打开一个现有数据库，或者创建一个新数据库。

msilib.CreateRecord(count)

通过调用 MSICreateRecord() 来返回一个新的记录对象。 count 为记录的字段数量。

msilib.init_database(name, schema, ProductName, ProductCode, ProductVersion, Manufacturer)

创建并返回一个新的数据库 name，使用 schema 来初始化它，并设置属性 ProductName, ProductCode, ProductVersion 和 Manufacturer。

schema 必须是一个包含 tables 和 _Validation_records 属性的模块对象；在通常情况下，msilib.schema 应当被使用。

此此函数返回时该数据库将只包含方案和验证记录。

msilib.add_data(database, table, records)

将所有 records 添加到 database 中名为 table 的表。

table 参数必须为 MSI 方案中预定义的表之一，即 'Feature', 'File', 'Component', 'Dialog', 'Control' 等等。

records 应当为一个元组的列表，其中的每个元组都包含与表结构对应的记录的所有字段。 对于可选字段，可以传入 None。

字段值可以为整数、字符串或 Binary 类的实例。

class msilib.Binary(filename)

代表 Binary 表中的条目；使用 add_data() 插入这样的对象会将名为 filename 文件读入表中。

msilib.add_tables(database, module)

将来自 module 的所有表内容添加到 database。 module 必须包括一个列出其内容需要被添加的所有表的属性 tables，并且每个具有实际内容的表对应一个属性。

这通常被用来安装序列表。

msilib.add_stream(database, name, path)

将文件 path 添加到 database 的 _Stream 表，使用流名称 name。

msilib.gen_uuid()

Return a new UUID, in the format that MSI typically requires (i.e. in curly braces, and with all hexdigits in upper-case).

参见

FCICreate UuidCreate UuidToString

Database Objects

Database.OpenView(sql)

Return a view object, by calling MSIDatabaseOpenView(). sql is the SQL statement to execute.

Database.Commit()

Commit the changes pending in the current transaction, by calling MSIDatabaseCommit().

Database.GetSummaryInformation(count)

Return a new summary information object, by calling MsiGetSummaryInformation(). count is the maximum number of updated values.

Database.Close()

Close the database object, through MsiCloseHandle().

3.7 新版功能.

参见

MSIDatabaseOpenView MSIDatabaseCommit MSIGetSummaryInformation MsiCloseHandle

View Objects

View.Execute(params)

Execute the SQL query of the view, through MSIViewExecute(). If params is not None, it is a record describing actual values of the parameter tokens in the query.

View.GetColumnInfo(kind)

Return a record describing the columns of the view, through calling MsiViewGetColumnInfo(). kind can be either MSICOLINFO_NAMES or MSICOLINFO_TYPES.

View.Fetch()

Return a result record of the query, through calling MsiViewFetch().

View.Modify(kind, data)

Modify the view, by calling MsiViewModify(). kind can be one of MSIMODIFY_SEEK, MSIMODIFY_REFRESH, MSIMODIFY_INSERT, MSIMODIFY_UPDATE, MSIMODIFY_ASSIGN, MSIMODIFY_REPLACE, MSIMODIFY_MERGE, MSIMODIFY_DELETE, MSIMODIFY_INSERT_TEMPORARY, MSIMODIFY_VALIDATE, MSIMODIFY_VALIDATE_NEW, MSIMODIFY_VALIDATE_FIELD, or MSIMODIFY_VALIDATE_DELETE.

data must be a record describing the new data.

View.Close()

Close the view, through MsiViewClose().

参见

MsiViewExecute MSIViewGetColumnInfo MsiViewFetch MsiViewModify MsiViewClose

Summary Information Objects

SummaryInformation.GetProperty(field)

Return a property of the summary, through MsiSummaryInfoGetProperty(). field is the name of the property, and can be one of the constants PID_CODEPAGE, PID_TITLE, PID_SUBJECT, PID_AUTHOR, PID_KEYWORDS, PID_COMMENTS, PID_TEMPLATE, PID_LASTAUTHOR, PID_REVNUMBER, PID_LASTPRINTED, PID_CREATE_DTM, PID_LASTSAVE_DTM, PID_PAGECOUNT, PID_WORDCOUNT, PID_CHARCOUNT, PID_APPNAME, or PID_SECURITY.

SummaryInformation.GetPropertyCount()

Return the number of summary properties, through MsiSummaryInfoGetPropertyCount().

SummaryInformation.SetProperty(field, value)

Set a property through MsiSummaryInfoSetProperty(). field can have the same values as in GetProperty(), value is the new value of the property. Possible value types are integer and string.

SummaryInformation.Persist()

Write the modified properties to the summary information stream, using MsiSummaryInfoPersist().

参见

MsiSummaryInfoGetProperty MsiSummaryInfoGetPropertyCount MsiSummaryInfoSetProperty MsiSummaryInfoPersist

Record Objects

Record.GetFieldCount()

Return the number of fields of the record, through MsiRecordGetFieldCount().

Record.GetInteger(field)

Return the value of field as an integer where possible. field must be an integer.

Record.GetString(field)

Return the value of field as a string where possible. field must be an integer.

Record.SetString(field, value)

Set field to value through MsiRecordSetString(). field must be an integer; value a string.

Record.SetStream(field, value)

Set field to the contents of the file named value, through MsiRecordSetStream(). field must be an integer; value a string.

Record.SetInteger(field, value)

Set field to value through MsiRecordSetInteger(). Both field and value must be an integer.

Record.ClearData()

Set all fields of the record to 0, through MsiRecordClearData().

参见

MsiRecordGetFieldCount MsiRecordSetString MsiRecordSetStream MsiRecordSetInteger MsiRecordClearData

Errors

All wrappers around MSI functions raise MSIError; the string inside the exception will contain more detail.

CAB Objects

class msilib.CAB(name)

The class CAB represents a CAB file. During MSI construction, files will be added simultaneously to the Files table, and to a CAB file. Then, when all files have been added, the CAB file can be written, then added to the MSI file.

name is the name of the CAB file in the MSI file.

append(full, file, logical)

Add the file with the pathname full to the CAB file, under the name logical. If there is already a file named logical, a new file name is created.

Return the index of the file in the CAB file, and the new name of the file inside the CAB file.

commit(database)

Generate a CAB file, add it as a stream to the MSI file, put it into the Media table, and remove the generated file from the disk.

Directory Objects

class msilib.Directory(database, cab, basedir, physical, logical, default[, componentflags])

Create a new directory in the Directory table. There is a current component at each point in time for the directory, which is either explicitly created through start_component(), or implicitly when files are added for the first time. Files are added into the current component, and into the cab file. To create a directory, a base directory object needs to be specified (can be None), the path to the physical directory, and a logical directory name. default specifies the DefaultDir slot in the directory table. componentflags specifies the default flags that new components get.

start_component(component=None, feature=None, flags=None, keyfile=None, uuid=None)

Add an entry to the Component table, and make this component the current component for this directory. If no component name is given, the directory name is used. If no feature is given, the current feature is used. If no flags are given, the directory's default flags are used. If no keyfile is given, the KeyPath is left null in the Component table.

add_file(file, src=None, version=None, language=None)

Add a file to the current component of the directory, starting a new one if there is no current component. By default, the file name in the source and the file table will be identical. If the src file is specified, it is interpreted relative to the current directory. Optionally, a version and a language can be specified for the entry in the File table.

glob(pattern, exclude=None)

Add a list of files to the current component as specified in the glob pattern. Individual files can be excluded in the exclude list.

remove_pyc()

Remove .pyc files on uninstall.

参见

Directory Table File Table Component Table FeatureComponents Table

相关特性

class msilib.Feature(db, id, title, desc, display, level=1, parent=None, directory=None, attributes=0)

Add a new record to the Feature table, using the values id, parent.id, title, desc, display, level, directory, and attributes. The resulting feature object can be passed to the start_component() method of Directory.

set_current()

Make this feature the current feature of msilib. New components are automatically added to the default feature, unless a feature is explicitly specified.

参见

Feature Table

GUI classes

msilib provides several classes that wrap the GUI tables in an MSI database. However, no standard user interface is provided; use bdist_msi to create MSI files with a user-interface for installing Python packages.

class msilib.Control(dlg, name)

Base class of the dialog controls. dlg is the dialog object the control belongs to, and name is the control's name.

event(event, argument, condition=1, ordering=None)

Make an entry into the ControlEvent table for this control.

mapping(event, attribute)

Make an entry into the EventMapping table for this control.

condition(action, condition)

Make an entry into the ControlCondition table for this control.

class msilib.RadioButtonGroup(dlg, name, property)

Create a radio button control named name. property is the installer property that gets set when a radio button is selected.

add(name, x, y, width, height, text, value=None)

Add a radio button named name to the group, at the coordinates x, y, width, height, and with the label text. If value is None, it defaults to name.

class msilib.Dialog(db, name, x, y, w, h, attr, title, first, default, cancel)

Return a new Dialog object. An entry in the Dialog table is made, with the specified coordinates, dialog attributes, title, name of the first, default, and cancel controls.

control(name, type, x, y, width, height, attributes, property, text, control_next, help)

Return a new Control object. An entry in the Control table is made with the specified parameters.

This is a generic method; for specific types, specialized methods are provided.

text(name, x, y, width, height, attributes, text)

Add and return a Text control.

bitmap(name, x, y, width, height, text)

Add and return a Bitmap control.

line(name, x, y, width, height)

Add and return a Line control.

pushbutton(name, x, y, width, height, attributes, text, next_control)

Add and return a PushButton control.

radiogroup(name, x, y, width, height, attributes, property, text, next_control)

Add and return a RadioButtonGroup control.

checkbox(name, x, y, width, height, attributes, property, text, next_control)

Add and return a CheckBox control.

参见

Dialog Table Control Table Control Types ControlCondition Table ControlEvent Table EventMapping Table RadioButton Table

Precomputed tables

msilib provides a few subpackages that contain only schema and table definitions. Currently, these definitions are based on MSI version 2.0.

msilib.schema

This is the standard MSI schema for MSI 2.0, with the tables variable providing a list of table definitions, and _Validation_records providing the data for MSI validation.

msilib.sequence

此模块包含针对标准序列表的表内容: AdminExecuteSequence, AdminUISequence, AdvtExecuteSequence, InstallExecuteSequence 和 InstallUISequence。

msilib.text

此模块包含 UIText 和 ActionText 表的定义，用于标准安装器动作。