# DateTime 对象

`datetime` 模块提供了各种日期和时间对象。 在使用任何这些函数之前，必须在你的源码中包含头文件 `datetime.h` (请注意此文件并未包含在 `Python.h` 中)，并且宏 `PyDateTime_IMPORT` 必须被发起调用，通常是作为模块初始化函数的一部分。 这个宏会将指向特定 C 结构的指针放入一个静态变量 `PyDateTimeAPI` 中，它会由下面的宏来使用。

宏访问UTC单例:

PyObject* `PyDateTime_TimeZone_UTC`

  返回表示 UTC 的时区单例，与 `datetime.timezone.utc` 为同一对象。

  3.7 新版功能.

类型检查宏：

int `PyDate_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  如果 ob 为 `PyDateTime_DateType` 类型或 `PyDateTime_DateType` 的某个子类型则返回真值。 ob 不能为 NULL。

int `PyDate_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  如果 ob 为 `PyDateTime_DateType` 类型则返回真值。 ob 不能为 NULL。

int `PyDateTime_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  如果 ob 为 `PyDateTime_DateTimeType` 类型或 `PyDateTime_DateTimeType` 的某个子类型则返回真值。 ob 不能为 NULL。

int `PyDateTime_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  如果 ob 为 `PyDateTime_DateTimeType` 类型则返回真值。 ob 不能为 NULL。

int `PyTime_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  如果 ob 为 `PyDateTime_TimeType` 类型或 `PyDateTime_TimeType` 的某个子类型则返回真值。 ob 不能为 NULL。

int `PyTime_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  如果 ob 的类型是 `PyDateTime_TimeType` 则返回真值。 ob 不能为 NULL。

int `PyDelta_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DeltaType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_DeltaType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyDelta_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DeltaType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyTZInfo_Check`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TZInfoType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. ob must not be NULL.

int `PyTZInfo_CheckExact`(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. ob must not be NULL.

用于创建对象的宏：

PyObject* `PyDate_FromDate`(int year, int month, int day)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.date` object with the specified year, month and day.

PyObject* `PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime`(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second and microsecond.

PyObject* `PyDateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold`(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.

  3.6 新版功能.

PyObject* `PyTime_FromTime`(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second and microsecond.

PyObject* `PyTime_FromTimeAndFold`(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.

  3.6 新版功能.

PyObject* `PyDelta_FromDSU`(int days, int seconds, int useconds)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timedelta` object representing the given number of days, seconds and microseconds. Normalization is performed so that the resulting number of microseconds and seconds lie in the ranges documented for `datetime.timedelta` objects.

PyObject* `PyTimeZone_FromOffset`(PyDateTime_DeltaType* offset)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timezone` object with an unnamed fixed offset represented by the offset argument.

  3.7 新版功能.

PyObject* `PyTimeZone_FromOffsetAndName`(PyDateTime_DeltaType* offset, PyUnicode* name)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timezone` object with a fixed offset represented by the offset argument and with tzname name.

  3.7 新版功能.

Macros to extract fields from date objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Date`, including subclasses (such as `PyDateTime_DateTime`). The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_GET_YEAR`(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  Return the year, as a positive int.

int `PyDateTime_GET_MONTH`(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  返回月，从0到12的整数。

int `PyDateTime_GET_DAY`(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  返回日期，从0到31的整数。

Macros to extract fields from datetime objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_DateTime`, including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  返回小时，从0到23的整数。

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  返回分钟，从0到59的整数。

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  返回秒，从0到59的整数。

int `PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND`(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  返回微秒，从0到999999的整数。

Macros to extract fields from time objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Time`, including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  返回小时，从0到23的整数。

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  返回分钟，从0到59的整数。

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  返回秒，从0到59的整数。

int `PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND`(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  返回微秒，从0到999999的整数。

Macros to extract fields from time delta objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Delta`, including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL, and the type is not checked:

int `PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS`(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  返回天数，从-999999999到999999999的整数。

  3.3 新版功能.

int `PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS`(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  返回秒数，从0到86399的整数。

  3.3 新版功能.

int `PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS`(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  返回微秒数，从0到999999的整数。

  3.3 新版功能.

Macros for the convenience of modules implementing the DB API:

PyObject* `PyDateTime_FromTimestamp`(PyObject *args)
  Return value: New reference.

  Create and return a new `datetime.datetime` object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to `datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp()`.

PyObject* `PyDate_FromTimestamp`(PyObject *args)
  Return value: New reference.

  Create and return a new `datetime.date` object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to `datetime.date.fromtimestamp()`.