# `linecache` --- Random access to text lines

Source code: Lib/linecache.py

The `linecache` module allows one to get any line from a Python source file, while attempting to optimize internally, using a cache, the common case where many lines are read from a single file. This is used by the `traceback` module to retrieve source lines for inclusion in the formatted traceback.

The `tokenize.open()` function is used to open files. This function uses `tokenize.detect_encoding()` to get the encoding of the file; in the absence of an encoding token, the file encoding defaults to UTF-8.

The `linecache` module defines the following functions:

`linecache.``getline`(filename, lineno, module_globals=None)

  Get line lineno from file named filename. This function will never raise an exception --- it will return `''` on errors (the terminating newline character will be included for lines that are found).

  If a file named filename is not found, the function first checks for a PEP 302 `__loader__` in module_globals. If there is such a loader and it defines a `get_source` method, then that determines the source lines (if `get_source()` returns `None`, then `''` is returned). Finally, if filename is a relative filename, it is looked up relative to the entries in the module search path, `sys.path`.

`linecache.``clearcache`()

  Clear the cache. Use this function if you no longer need lines from files previously read using `getline()`.

`linecache.``checkcache`(filename=None)

  Check the cache for validity. Use this function if files in the cache may have changed on disk, and you require the updated version. If filename is omitted, it will check all the entries in the cache.

`linecache.``lazycache`(filename, module_globals)

  Capture enough detail about a non-file-based module to permit getting its lines later via `getline()` even if module_globals is `None` in the later call. This avoids doing I/O until a line is actually needed, without having to carry the module globals around indefinitely.

  3.5 新版功能.

示例:

    >>> import linecache
    >>> linecache.getline(linecache.__file__, 8)
    'import sys\n'