32. Python Language Services
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Python provides a number of modules to assist in working with the
Python language.  These modules support tokenizing, parsing, syntax
analysis, bytecode disassembly, and various other facilities.

These modules include:

* 32.1. "parser" --- Access Python parse trees

  * 32.1.1. Creating ST Objects

  * 32.1.2. Converting ST Objects

  * 32.1.3. Queries on ST Objects

  * 32.1.4. Exceptions and Error Handling

  * 32.1.5. ST Objects

  * 32.1.6. Example: Emulation of "compile()"

* 32.2. "ast" --- Abstract Syntax Trees

  * 32.2.1. Node classes

  * 32.2.2. Abstract Grammar

  * 32.2.3. "ast" Helpers

* 32.3. "symtable" --- Access to the compiler's symbol tables

  * 32.3.1. Generating Symbol Tables

  * 32.3.2. Examining Symbol Tables

* 32.4. "symbol" --- Constants used with Python parse trees

* 32.5. "token" --- Constants used with Python parse trees

* 32.6. "keyword" --- Testing for Python keywords

* 32.7. "tokenize" --- Tokenizer for Python source

  * 32.7.1. Tokenizing Input

  * 32.7.2. Command-Line Usage

  * 32.7.3. 示例

* 32.8. "tabnanny" --- Detection of ambiguous indentation

* 32.9. "pyclbr" --- Python class browser support

  * 32.9.1. 类对象

  * 32.9.2. Function Objects

* 32.10. "py_compile" --- Compile Python source files

* 32.11. "compileall" --- Byte-compile Python libraries

  * 32.11.1. Command-line use

  * 32.11.2. Public functions

* 32.12. "dis" --- Python 字节码反汇编器

  * 32.12.1. Bytecode analysis

  * 32.12.2. Analysis functions

  * 32.12.3. Python Bytecode Instructions

  * 32.12.4. Opcode collections

* 32.13. "pickletools" --- Tools for pickle developers

  * 32.13.1. Command line usage

    * 32.13.1.1. Command line options

  * 32.13.2. Programmatic Interface
