10.7. glob — Unix 风格路径名模式扩展¶
源代码: Lib/glob.py
The glob module finds all the pathnames matching a specified pattern
according to the rules used by the Unix shell, although results are returned in
arbitrary order. No tilde expansion is done, but *, ?, and character
ranges expressed with [] will be correctly matched. This is done by using
the os.listdir() and fnmatch.fnmatch() functions in concert, and
not by actually invoking a subshell. Note that unlike fnmatch.fnmatch(),
glob treats filenames beginning with a dot (.) as special cases.
(For tilde and shell variable expansion, use os.path.expanduser() and
os.path.expandvars().)
对于字面值匹配，请将原字符用方括号括起来。 例如，'[?]' 将匹配字符 '?'。
-
glob.glob(pathname)¶ 返回匹配 pathname 的可能为空的路径名列表，路径名必须为包含一个路径描述的字符串。 pathname 可以是绝对路径 (如
/usr/src/Python-1.5/Makefile) 或相对路径 (如../../Tools/*/*.gif)，并且可包含 shell 风格的通配符。 无效的符号链接可以包含在结果中 (与在 shell 中一样)。
For example, consider a directory containing only the following files:
1.gif, 2.txt, and card.gif. glob() will produce
the following results. Notice how any leading components of the path are
preserved.
>>> import glob
>>> glob.glob('./[0-9].*')
['./1.gif', './2.txt']
>>> glob.glob('*.gif')
['1.gif', 'card.gif']
>>> glob.glob('?.gif')
['1.gif']
如果目录包含以 . 打头的文件，它们默认将不会被匹配。 例如，考虑一个包含 card.gif 和 .card.gif 的目录:
>>> import glob
>>> glob.glob('*.gif')
['card.gif']
>>> glob.glob('.c*')
['.card.gif']
参见
- 模块
fnmatch Shell 风格文件名（而非路径）扩展