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# 20.24. `SimpleXMLRPCServer` — Basic XML-RPC server

注解

The `SimpleXMLRPCServer` module has been merged into `xmlrpc.server` in Python 3. The 2to3 tool will automatically adapt imports when converting your sources to Python 3.

2.2 新版功能.

Source code: Lib/SimpleXMLRPCServer.py

The `SimpleXMLRPCServer` module provides a basic server framework for XML-RPC servers written in Python. Servers can either be free standing, using `SimpleXMLRPCServer`, or embedded in a CGI environment, using `CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler`.

class `SimpleXMLRPCServer.``SimpleXMLRPCServer`(addr[, requestHandler[, logRequests[, allow_none[, encoding[, bind_and_activate]]]])

  Create a new server instance. This class provides methods for registration of functions that can be called by the XML-RPC protocol. The requestHandler parameter should be a factory for request handler instances; it defaults to `SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler`. The addr and requestHandler parameters are passed to the `SocketServer.TCPServer` constructor. If logRequests is true (the default), requests will be logged; setting this parameter to false will turn off logging. The allow_none and encoding parameters are passed on to `xmlrpclib` and control the XML-RPC responses that will be returned from the server. The bind_and_activate parameter controls whether `server_bind()` and `server_activate()` are called immediately by the constructor; it defaults to true. Setting it to false allows code to manipulate the allow_reuse_address class variable before the address is bound.

  在 2.5 版更改: The allow_none and encoding parameters were added.

  在 2.6 版更改: The bind_and_activate parameter was added.

class `SimpleXMLRPCServer.``CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler`([allow_none[, encoding]])

  Create a new instance to handle XML-RPC requests in a CGI environment. The allow_none and encoding parameters are passed on to `xmlrpclib` and control the XML-RPC responses that will be returned from the server.

  2.3 新版功能.

  在 2.5 版更改: The allow_none and encoding parameters were added.

class `SimpleXMLRPCServer.``SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler`

  Create a new request handler instance. This request handler supports `POST` requests and modifies logging so that the logRequests parameter to the `SimpleXMLRPCServer` constructor parameter is honored.

## 20.24.1. SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects

The `SimpleXMLRPCServer` class is based on `SocketServer.TCPServer` and provides a means of creating simple, stand alone XML-RPC servers.

`SimpleXMLRPCServer.``register_function`(function[, name])

  Register a function that can respond to XML-RPC requests. If name is given, it will be the method name associated with function, otherwise `function.__name__` will be used. name can be either a normal or Unicode string, and may contain characters not legal in Python identifiers, including the period character.

`SimpleXMLRPCServer.``register_instance`(instance[, allow_dotted_names])

  Register an object which is used to expose method names which have not been registered using `register_function()`. If instance contains a `_dispatch()` method, it is called with the requested method name and the parameters from the request. Its API is `def _dispatch(self, method, params)` (note that params does not represent a variable argument list). If it calls an underlying function to perform its task, that function is called as `func(*params)`, expanding the parameter list. The return value from `_dispatch()` is returned to the client as the result. If instance does not have a `_dispatch()` method, it is searched for an attribute matching the name of the requested method.

  If the optional allow_dotted_names argument is true and the instance does not have a `_dispatch()` method, then if the requested method name contains periods, each component of the method name is searched for individually, with the effect that a simple hierarchical search is performed. The value found from this search is then called with the parameters from the request, and the return value is passed back to the client.

  警告

  Enabling the allow_dotted_names option allows intruders to access your module’s global variables and may allow intruders to execute arbitrary code on your machine. Only use this option on a secure, closed network.

  在 2.3.5, 版更改: 2.4.1 allow_dotted_names was added to plug a security hole; prior versions are insecure.

`SimpleXMLRPCServer.``register_introspection_functions`()

  Registers the XML-RPC introspection functions `system.listMethods`, `system.methodHelp` and `system.methodSignature`.

  2.3 新版功能.

`SimpleXMLRPCServer.``register_multicall_functions`()

  Registers the XML-RPC multicall function system.multicall.

`SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler.``rpc_paths`

  An attribute value that must be a tuple listing valid path portions of the URL for receiving XML-RPC requests. Requests posted to other paths will result in a 404 “no such page” HTTP error. If this tuple is empty, all paths will be considered valid. The default value is `('/', '/RPC2')`.

  2.5 新版功能.

`SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler.``encode_threshold`

  If this attribute is not `None`, responses larger than this value will be encoded using the gzip transfer encoding, if permitted by the client. The default is `1400` which corresponds roughly to a single TCP packet.

  2.7 新版功能.

### 20.24.1.1. SimpleXMLRPCServer Example

Server code:

    from SimpleXMLRPCServer import SimpleXMLRPCServer
    from SimpleXMLRPCServer import SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler

    # Restrict to a particular path.
    class RequestHandler(SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler):
        rpc_paths = ('/RPC2',)

    # Create server
    server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000),
                                requestHandler=RequestHandler)
    server.register_introspection_functions()

    # Register pow() function; this will use the value of
    # pow.__name__ as the name, which is just 'pow'.
    server.register_function(pow)

    # Register a function under a different name
    def adder_function(x,y):
        return x + y
    server.register_function(adder_function, 'add')

    # Register an instance; all the methods of the instance are
    # published as XML-RPC methods (in this case, just 'div').
    class MyFuncs:
        def div(self, x, y):
            return x // y

    server.register_instance(MyFuncs())

    # Run the server's main loop
    server.serve_forever()

The following client code will call the methods made available by the preceding server:

    import xmlrpclib

    s = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy('http://localhost:8000')
    print s.pow(2,3)  # Returns 2**3 = 8
    print s.add(2,3)  # Returns 5
    print s.div(5,2)  # Returns 5//2 = 2

    # Print list of available methods
    print s.system.listMethods()

The following `SimpleXMLRPCServer` example is included in the module Lib/SimpleXMLRPCServer.py:

    server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000))
    server.register_function(pow)
    server.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
    server.register_multicall_functions()
    server.serve_forever()

This demo server can be run from the command line as:

    python -m SimpleXMLRPCServer

Example client code which talks to the above server is included with Lib/xmlrpclib.py:

    server = ServerProxy("http://localhost:8000")
    print server
    multi = MultiCall(server)
    multi.pow(2, 9)
    multi.add(5, 1)
    multi.add(24, 11)
    try:
        for response in multi():
            print response
    except Error, v:
        print "ERROR", v

And the client can be invoked directly using the following command:

    python -m xmlrpclib

## 20.24.2. CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler

The `CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler` class can be used to handle XML-RPC requests sent to Python CGI scripts.

`CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.``register_function`(function[, name])

  Register a function that can respond to XML-RPC requests. If name is given, it will be the method name associated with function, otherwise function.__name__ will be used. name can be either a normal or Unicode string, and may contain characters not legal in Python identifiers, including the period character.

`CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.``register_instance`(instance)

  Register an object which is used to expose method names which have not been registered using `register_function()`. If instance contains a `_dispatch()` method, it is called with the requested method name and the parameters from the request; the return value is returned to the client as the result. If instance does not have a `_dispatch()` method, it is searched for an attribute matching the name of the requested method; if the requested method name contains periods, each component of the method name is searched for individually, with the effect that a simple hierarchical search is performed. The value found from this search is then called with the parameters from the request, and the return value is passed back to the client.

`CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.``register_introspection_functions`()

  Register the XML-RPC introspection functions `system.listMethods`, `system.methodHelp` and `system.methodSignature`.

`CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.``register_multicall_functions`()

  Register the XML-RPC multicall function `system.multicall`.

`CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.``handle_request`([request_text = None])

  Handle an XML-RPC request. If request_text is given, it should be the POST data provided by the HTTP server, otherwise the contents of stdin will be used.

Example:

    class MyFuncs:
        def div(self, x, y): return x // y

    handler = CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler()
    handler.register_function(pow)
    handler.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
    handler.register_introspection_functions()
    handler.register_instance(MyFuncs())
    handler.handle_request()