26. Debugging and Profiling
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These libraries help you with Python development: the debugger enables
you to step through code, analyze stack frames and set breakpoints
etc., and the profilers run code and give you a detailed breakdown of
execution times, allowing you to identify bottlenecks in your
programs.

* 26.1. "bdb" — Debugger framework

* 26.2. "pdb" — The Python Debugger

* 26.3. Debugger Commands

* 26.4. The Python Profilers

  * 26.4.1. Introduction to the profilers

  * 26.4.2. Instant User’s Manual

  * 26.4.3. "profile" and "cProfile" Module Reference

  * 26.4.4. The "Stats" Class

  * 26.4.5. What Is Deterministic Profiling?

  * 26.4.6. Limitations

  * 26.4.7. Calibration

  * 26.4.8. Using a custom timer

* 26.5. "hotshot" — High performance logging profiler

  * 26.5.1. Profile Objects

  * 26.5.2. Using hotshot data

  * 26.5.3. Example Usage

* 26.6. "timeit" — Measure execution time of small code snippets

  * 26.6.1. Basic Examples

  * 26.6.2. Python Interface

  * 26.6.3. Command-Line Interface

  * 26.6.4. 示例

* 26.7. "trace" — Trace or track Python statement execution

  * 26.7.1. Command-Line Usage

    * 26.7.1.1. Main options

    * 26.7.1.2. Modifiers

    * 26.7.1.3. Filters

  * 26.7.2. Programmatic Interface
