13.6. "plistlib" — Generate and parse Mac OS X ".plist" files
*************************************************************

在 2.6 版更改: This module was previously only available in the Mac-
specific library, it is now available for all platforms.

**Source code:** Lib/plistlib.py

======================================================================

This module provides an interface for reading and writing the
“property list” XML files used mainly by Mac OS X.

The property list (".plist") file format is a simple XML pickle
supporting basic object types, like dictionaries, lists, numbers and
strings.  Usually the top level object is a dictionary.

Values can be strings, integers, floats, booleans, tuples, lists,
dictionaries (but only with string keys), "Data" or
"datetime.datetime" objects.  String values (including dictionary
keys) may be unicode strings – they will be written out as UTF-8.

The "<data>" plist type is supported through the "Data" class.  This
is a thin wrapper around a Python string.  Use "Data" if your strings
contain control characters.

参见:

  PList manual page
     Apple’s documentation of the file format.

这个模块定义了以下函数：

plistlib.readPlist(pathOrFile)

   Read a plist file. *pathOrFile* may either be a file name or a
   (readable) file object.  Return the unpacked root object (which
   usually is a dictionary).

   The XML data is parsed using the Expat parser from
   "xml.parsers.expat" – see its documentation for possible exceptions
   on ill-formed XML. Unknown elements will simply be ignored by the
   plist parser.

plistlib.writePlist(rootObject, pathOrFile)

   Write *rootObject* to a plist file. *pathOrFile* may either be a
   file name or a (writable) file object.

   A "TypeError" will be raised if the object is of an unsupported
   type or a container that contains objects of unsupported types.

plistlib.readPlistFromString(data)

   Read a plist from a string.  Return the root object.

plistlib.writePlistToString(rootObject)

   Return *rootObject* as a plist-formatted string.

plistlib.readPlistFromResource(path, restype='plst', resid=0)

   Read a plist from the resource with type *restype* from the
   resource fork of *path*.  Availability: Mac OS X.

   注解: In Python 3.x, this function has been removed.

plistlib.writePlistToResource(rootObject, path, restype='plst', resid=0)

   Write *rootObject* as a resource with type *restype* to the
   resource fork of *path*.  Availability: Mac OS X.

   注解: In Python 3.x, this function has been removed.

The following class is available:

class plistlib.Data(data)

   Return a “data” wrapper object around the string *data*.  This is
   used in functions converting from/to plists to represent the
   "<data>" type available in plists.

   It has one attribute, "data", that can be used to retrieve the
   Python string stored in it.


13.6.1. 示例
============

Generating a plist:

   pl = dict(
       aString="Doodah",
       aList=["A", "B", 12, 32.1, [1, 2, 3]],
       aFloat = 0.1,
       anInt = 728,
       aDict=dict(
           anotherString="<hello & hi there!>",
           aUnicodeValue=u'M\xe4ssig, Ma\xdf',
           aTrueValue=True,
           aFalseValue=False,
       ),
       someData = Data("<binary gunk>"),
       someMoreData = Data("<lots of binary gunk>" * 10),
       aDate = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.mktime(time.gmtime())),
   )
   # unicode keys are possible, but a little awkward to use:
   pl[u'\xc5benraa'] = "That was a unicode key."
   writePlist(pl, fileName)

Parsing a plist:

   pl = readPlist(pathOrFile)
   print pl["aKey"]
