"http" --- HTTP modules
***********************

**Source code:** Lib/http/__init__.py

======================================================================

"http" is a package that collects several modules for working with the
HyperText Transfer Protocol:

* "http.client" is a low-level HTTP protocol client; for high-level
  URL opening use "urllib.request"

* "http.server" contains basic HTTP server classes based on
  "socketserver"

* "http.cookies" has utilities for implementing state management with
  cookies

* "http.cookiejar" provides persistence of cookies

The "http" module also defines the following enums that help you work
with http related code:

class http.HTTPStatus

   Added in version 3.5.

   A subclass of "enum.IntEnum" that defines a set of HTTP status
   codes, reason phrases and long descriptions written in English.

   Usage:

      >>> from http import HTTPStatus
      >>> HTTPStatus.OK
      HTTPStatus.OK
      >>> HTTPStatus.OK == 200
      True
      >>> HTTPStatus.OK.value
      200
      >>> HTTPStatus.OK.phrase
      'OK'
      >>> HTTPStatus.OK.description
      'Request fulfilled, document follows'
      >>> list(HTTPStatus)
      [HTTPStatus.CONTINUE, HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS, ...]


HTTP status codes
=================

Supported, IANA-registered status codes available in "http.HTTPStatus"
are:

+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Code    | Enum Name                           | Details                                                                         |
|=========|=====================================|=================================================================================|
| "100"   | "CONTINUE"                          | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.2.1                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "101"   | "SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS"               | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.2.2                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "102"   | "PROCESSING"                        | WebDAV **RFC 2518**, Section 10.1                                               |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "103"   | "EARLY_HINTS"                       | An HTTP Status Code for Indicating Hints **RFC 8297**                           |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "200"   | "OK"                                | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.3.1                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "201"   | "CREATED"                           | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.3.2                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "202"   | "ACCEPTED"                          | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.3.3                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "203"   | "NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION"     | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.3.4                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "204"   | "NO_CONTENT"                        | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.3.5                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "205"   | "RESET_CONTENT"                     | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.3.6                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "206"   | "PARTIAL_CONTENT"                   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.3.7                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "207"   | "MULTI_STATUS"                      | WebDAV **RFC 4918**, Section 11.1                                               |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "208"   | "ALREADY_REPORTED"                  | WebDAV Binding Extensions **RFC 5842**, Section 7.1 (Experimental)              |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "226"   | "IM_USED"                           | Delta Encoding in HTTP **RFC 3229**, Section 10.4.1                             |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "300"   | "MULTIPLE_CHOICES"                  | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.1                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "301"   | "MOVED_PERMANENTLY"                 | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.2                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "302"   | "FOUND"                             | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.3                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "303"   | "SEE_OTHER"                         | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.4                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "304"   | "NOT_MODIFIED"                      | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.5                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "305"   | "USE_PROXY"                         | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.6                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "307"   | "TEMPORARY_REDIRECT"                | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.8                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "308"   | "PERMANENT_REDIRECT"                | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.4.9                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "400"   | "BAD_REQUEST"                       | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.1                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "401"   | "UNAUTHORIZED"                      | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.2                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "402"   | "PAYMENT_REQUIRED"                  | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.3                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "403"   | "FORBIDDEN"                         | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.4                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "404"   | "NOT_FOUND"                         | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.5                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "405"   | "METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED"                | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.6                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "406"   | "NOT_ACCEPTABLE"                    | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.7                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "407"   | "PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED"     | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.8                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "408"   | "REQUEST_TIMEOUT"                   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.9                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "409"   | "CONFLICT"                          | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.10                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "410"   | "GONE"                              | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.11                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "411"   | "LENGTH_REQUIRED"                   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.12                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "412"   | "PRECONDITION_FAILED"               | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.13                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "413"   | "CONTENT_TOO_LARGE"                 | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.14                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "414"   | "URI_TOO_LONG"                      | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.15                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "415"   | "UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE"            | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.16                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "416"   | "RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE"             | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.17                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "417"   | "EXPECTATION_FAILED"                | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.18                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "418"   | "IM_A_TEAPOT"                       | HTCPCP/1.0 **RFC 2324**, Section 2.3.2                                          |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "421"   | "MISDIRECTED_REQUEST"               | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.20                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "422"   | "UNPROCESSABLE_CONTENT"             | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.21                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "423"   | "LOCKED"                            | WebDAV **RFC 4918**, Section 11.3                                               |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "424"   | "FAILED_DEPENDENCY"                 | WebDAV **RFC 4918**, Section 11.4                                               |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "425"   | "TOO_EARLY"                         | Using Early Data in HTTP **RFC 8470**                                           |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "426"   | "UPGRADE_REQUIRED"                  | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.5.22                                    |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "428"   | "PRECONDITION_REQUIRED"             | Additional HTTP Status Codes **RFC 6585**                                       |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "429"   | "TOO_MANY_REQUESTS"                 | Additional HTTP Status Codes **RFC 6585**                                       |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "431"   | "REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE"   | Additional HTTP Status Codes **RFC 6585**                                       |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "451"   | "UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS"     | An HTTP Status Code to Report Legal Obstacles **RFC 7725**                      |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "500"   | "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR"             | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.6.1                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "501"   | "NOT_IMPLEMENTED"                   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.6.2                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "502"   | "BAD_GATEWAY"                       | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.6.3                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "503"   | "SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE"               | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.6.4                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "504"   | "GATEWAY_TIMEOUT"                   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.6.5                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "505"   | "HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED"        | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 15.6.6                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "506"   | "VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES"           | Transparent Content Negotiation in HTTP **RFC 2295**, Section 8.1               |
|         |                                     | (Experimental)                                                                  |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "507"   | "INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE"              | WebDAV **RFC 4918**, Section 11.5                                               |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "508"   | "LOOP_DETECTED"                     | WebDAV Binding Extensions **RFC 5842**, Section 7.2 (Experimental)              |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "510"   | "NOT_EXTENDED"                      | An HTTP Extension Framework **RFC 2774**, Section 7 (Experimental)              |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "511"   | "NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED"   | Additional HTTP Status Codes **RFC 6585**, Section 6                            |
+---------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

In order to preserve backwards compatibility, enum values are also
present in the "http.client" module in the form of constants. The enum
name is equal to the constant name (i.e. "http.HTTPStatus.OK" is also
available as "http.client.OK").

Schimbat în versiunea 3.7: Added "421 MISDIRECTED_REQUEST" status
code.

Added in version 3.8: Added "451 UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS" status
code.

Added in version 3.9: Added "103 EARLY_HINTS", "418 IM_A_TEAPOT" and
"425 TOO_EARLY" status codes.

Schimbat în versiunea 3.13: Implemented RFC9110 naming for status
constants. Old constant names are preserved for backwards
compatibility: "413 REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE", "414
REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG", "416 REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE" and "422
UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY".


HTTP status category
====================

Added in version 3.12.

The enum values have several properties to indicate the HTTP status
category:

+----------------------+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| Property             | Indicates that           | Details                                |
|======================|==========================|========================================|
| "is_informational"   | "100 <= status <= 199"   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section   |
|                      |                          | 15                                     |
+----------------------+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| "is_success"         | "200 <= status <= 299"   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section   |
|                      |                          | 15                                     |
+----------------------+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| "is_redirection"     | "300 <= status <= 399"   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section   |
|                      |                          | 15                                     |
+----------------------+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| "is_client_error"    | "400 <= status <= 499"   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section   |
|                      |                          | 15                                     |
+----------------------+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| "is_server_error"    | "500 <= status <= 599"   | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section   |
|                      |                          | 15                                     |
+----------------------+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+

   Usage:

      >>> from http import HTTPStatus
      >>> HTTPStatus.OK.is_success
      True
      >>> HTTPStatus.OK.is_client_error
      False

class http.HTTPMethod

   Added in version 3.11.

   A subclass of "enum.StrEnum" that defines a set of HTTP methods and
   descriptions written in English.

   Usage:

      >>> from http import HTTPMethod
      >>>
      >>> HTTPMethod.GET
      <HTTPMethod.GET>
      >>> HTTPMethod.GET == 'GET'
      True
      >>> HTTPMethod.GET.value
      'GET'
      >>> HTTPMethod.GET.description
      'Retrieve the target.'
      >>> list(HTTPMethod)
      [<HTTPMethod.CONNECT>,
       <HTTPMethod.DELETE>,
       <HTTPMethod.GET>,
       <HTTPMethod.HEAD>,
       <HTTPMethod.OPTIONS>,
       <HTTPMethod.PATCH>,
       <HTTPMethod.POST>,
       <HTTPMethod.PUT>,
       <HTTPMethod.TRACE>]


HTTP methods
============

Supported, IANA-registered methods available in "http.HTTPMethod" are:

+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Method      | Enum Name                           | Details                                                            |
|=============|=====================================|====================================================================|
| "GET"       | "GET"                               | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.1                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "HEAD"      | "HEAD"                              | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.2                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "POST"      | "POST"                              | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.3                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "PUT"       | "PUT"                               | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.4                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "DELETE"    | "DELETE"                            | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.5                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "CONNECT"   | "CONNECT"                           | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.6                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "OPTIONS"   | "OPTIONS"                           | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.7                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "TRACE"     | "TRACE"                             | HTTP Semantics **RFC 9110**, Section 9.3.8                         |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| "PATCH"     | "PATCH"                             | HTTP/1.1 **RFC 5789**                                              |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
