msvcrt --- MS VC++ ランタイムの有用なルーチン群¶
このモジュールの関数は、 Windows プラットフォームの便利な機能のいくつかに対するアクセス機構を提供しています。高レベルモジュールのいくつかは、提供するサービスを Windows で実装するために、これらの関数を使っています。例えば、 getpass モジュールは関数 getpass() を実装するためにこのモジュールの関数を使います。
ここに挙げた関数の詳細なドキュメントについては、プラットフォーム API ドキュメントで見つけることができます。
このモジュールは、通常版とワイド文字列版の両方のコンソールI/O APIを実装しています。通常版の API は ASCII 文字列のためのもので、国際化アプリケーションでは利用が制限されます。可能な限りワイド文字列版APIを利用するべきです。
ファイル操作関連¶
- msvcrt.locking(fd, mode, nbytes)¶
Lock part of a file based on file descriptor fd from the C runtime. Raises
OSErroron failure. The locked region of the file extends from the current file position for nbytes bytes, and may continue beyond the end of the file. mode must be one of theLK_*constants listed below. Multiple regions in a file may be locked at the same time, but may not overlap. Adjacent regions are not merged; they must be unlocked individually.引数
fd,mode,nbytesを指定して 監査イベントmsvcrt.lockingを送出します。
- msvcrt.LK_LOCK¶
- msvcrt.LK_RLCK¶
Locks the specified bytes. If the bytes cannot be locked, the program immediately tries again after 1 second. If, after 10 attempts, the bytes cannot be locked,
OSErroris raised.
- msvcrt.LK_UNLCK¶
指定されたバイト列のロックを解除します。指定領域はあらかじめロックされていなければなりません。
- msvcrt.setmode(fd, flags)¶
ファイル記述子 fd に対して、行末文字の変換モードを設定します。テキストモードに設定するには、 flags を
os.O_TEXTにします; バイナリモードにするにはos.O_BINARYにします。
- msvcrt.open_osfhandle(handle, flags)¶
Create a C runtime file descriptor from the file handle handle. The flags parameter should be a bitwise OR of
os.O_APPEND,os.O_RDONLY,os.O_TEXTandos.O_NOINHERIT. The returned file descriptor may be used as a parameter toos.fdopen()to create a file object.The file descriptor is inheritable by default. Pass
os.O_NOINHERITflag to make it non inheritable.引数
handle,flagsを指定して 監査イベントmsvcrt.open_osfhandleを送出します。
コンソール I/O 関連¶
- msvcrt.kbhit()¶
Returns a nonzero value if a keypress is waiting to be read. Otherwise, return 0.
- msvcrt.getch()¶
Read a keypress and return the resulting character as a byte string. Nothing is echoed to the console. This call will block if a keypress is not already available, but will not wait for Enter to be pressed. If the pressed key was a special function key, this will return
'\000'or'\xe0'; the next call will return the keycode. The Control-C keypress cannot be read with this function.
- msvcrt.getche()¶
Similar to
getch(), but the keypress will be echoed if it represents a printable character.
- msvcrt.putch(char)¶
バイト文字列 char をバッファリングを行わないでコンソールに出力します。
その多の関数¶
- msvcrt.heapmin()¶
Force the
malloc()heap to clean itself up and return unused blocks to the operating system. On failure, this raisesOSError.
- msvcrt.set_error_mode(mode)¶
Changes the location where the C runtime writes an error message for an error that might end the program. mode must be one of the
OUT_*constants listed below orREPORT_ERRMODE. Returns the old setting or -1 if an error occurs. Only available in debug build of Python.
- msvcrt.OUT_TO_DEFAULT¶
Error sink is determined by the app's type. Only available in debug build of Python.
- msvcrt.OUT_TO_STDERR¶
Error sink is a standard error. Only available in debug build of Python.
- msvcrt.OUT_TO_MSGBOX¶
Error sink is a message box. Only available in debug build of Python.
- msvcrt.REPORT_ERRMODE¶
Report the current error mode value. Only available in debug build of Python.
- msvcrt.CrtSetReportMode(type, mode)¶
Specifies the destination or destinations for a specific report type generated by
_CrtDbgReport()in the MS VC++ runtime. type must be one of theCRT_*constants listed below. mode must be one of theCRTDBG_*constants listed below. Only available in debug build of Python.
- msvcrt.CrtSetReportFile(type, file)¶
After you use
CrtSetReportMode()to specifyCRTDBG_MODE_FILE, you can specify the file handle to receive the message text. type must be one of theCRT_*constants listed below. file should be the file handle your want specified. Only available in debug build of Python.
- msvcrt.CRT_WARN¶
Warnings, messages, and information that doesn't need immediate attention.
- msvcrt.CRT_ERROR¶
Errors, unrecoverable problems, and issues that require immediate attention.
- msvcrt.CRT_ASSERT¶
Assertion failures.
- msvcrt.CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG¶
Writes the message to the debugger's output window.
- msvcrt.CRTDBG_MODE_FILE¶
Writes the message to a user-supplied file handle.
CrtSetReportFile()should be called to define the specific file or stream to use as the destination.
- msvcrt.CRTDBG_MODE_WNDW¶
Creates a message box to display the message along with the
Abort,Retry, andIgnorebuttons.
- msvcrt.CRTDBG_REPORT_MODE¶
Returns current mode for the specified type.
- msvcrt.CRT_ASSEMBLY_VERSION¶
The CRT Assembly version, from the
crtassem.hheader file.
- msvcrt.VC_ASSEMBLY_PUBLICKEYTOKEN¶
The VC Assembly public key token, from the
crtassem.hheader file.
- msvcrt.LIBRARIES_ASSEMBLY_NAME_PREFIX¶
The Libraries Assembly name prefix, from the
crtassem.hheader file.