# Objek DateTime

Various date and time objects are supplied by the `datetime` module. Before using any of these functions, the header file `datetime.h` must be included in your source (note that this is not included by `Python.h`), and the macro `PyDateTime_IMPORT` must be invoked, usually as part of the module initialisation function. The macro puts a pointer to a C structure into a static variable, `PyDateTimeAPI`, that is used by the following macros.

PyDateTime_IMPORT()

  Import the datetime C API.

  On success, populate the `PyDateTimeAPI` pointer. On failure, set `PyDateTimeAPI` to `NULL` and set an exception. The caller must check if an error occurred via `PyErr_Occurred()`:

      PyDateTime_IMPORT;
      if (PyErr_Occurred()) { /* cleanup */ }

  Peringatan

  This is not compatible with subinterpreters.

  Berubah pada versi 3.15: This macro is now thread safe.

type PyDateTime_CAPI

  Structure containing the fields for the datetime C API.

  The fields of this structure are private and subject to change.

  Do not use this directly; prefer `PyDateTime_*` APIs instead.

PyDateTime_CAPI *PyDateTimeAPI

  Dynamically allocated object containing the datetime C API.

  This variable is only available once `PyDateTime_IMPORT` succeeds.

  Berubah pada versi 3.15: This variable should not be accessed directly as direct access is not thread-safe. Use `PyDateTime_IMPORT()` instead.

type PyDateTime_Date

  This subtype of `PyObject` represents a Python date object.

type PyDateTime_DateTime

  This subtype of `PyObject` represents a Python datetime object.

type PyDateTime_Time

  This subtype of `PyObject` represents a Python time object.

type PyDateTime_Delta

  This subtype of `PyObject` represents the difference between two datetime values.

PyTypeObject PyDateTime_DateType

  This instance of `PyTypeObject` represents the Python date type; it is the same object as `datetime.date` in the Python layer.

PyTypeObject PyDateTime_DateTimeType

  This instance of `PyTypeObject` represents the Python datetime type; it is the same object as `datetime.datetime` in the Python layer.

PyTypeObject PyDateTime_TimeType

  This instance of `PyTypeObject` represents the Python time type; it is the same object as `datetime.time` in the Python layer.

PyTypeObject PyDateTime_DeltaType

  This instance of `PyTypeObject` represents the Python type for the difference between two datetime values; it is the same object as `datetime.timedelta` in the Python layer.

PyTypeObject PyDateTime_TZInfoType

  This instance of `PyTypeObject` represents the Python time zone info type; it is the same object as `datetime.tzinfo` in the Python layer.

Macro for access to the UTC singleton:

PyObject *PyDateTime_TimeZone_UTC

  Returns the time zone singleton representing UTC, the same object as `datetime.timezone.utc`.

  Added in version 3.7.

Type-check macros:

int PyDate_Check(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_DateType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyDate_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyDateTime_Check(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateTimeType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_DateTimeType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyDateTime_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DateTimeType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyTime_Check(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TimeType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_TimeType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyTime_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TimeType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyDelta_Check(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DeltaType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_DeltaType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyDelta_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_DeltaType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyTZInfo_Check(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TZInfoType` or a subtype of `PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

int PyTZInfo_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)

  Return true if ob is of type `PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. ob must not be `NULL`. This function always succeeds.

Macros to create objects:

PyObject *PyDate_FromDate(int year, int month, int day)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.date` object with the specified year, month and day.

PyObject *PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second and microsecond.

PyObject *PyDateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.

  Added in version 3.6.

PyObject *PyTime_FromTime(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second and microsecond.

PyObject *PyTime_FromTimeAndFold(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.

  Added in version 3.6.

PyObject *PyDelta_FromDSU(int days, int seconds, int useconds)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timedelta` object representing the given number of days, seconds and microseconds. Normalization is performed so that the resulting number of microseconds and seconds lie in the ranges documented for `datetime.timedelta` objects.

PyObject *PyTimeZone_FromOffset(PyObject *offset)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timezone` object with an unnamed fixed offset represented by the offset argument.

  Added in version 3.7.

PyObject *PyTimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(PyObject *offset, PyObject *name)
  Return value: New reference.

  Return a `datetime.timezone` object with a fixed offset represented by the offset argument and with tzname name.

  Added in version 3.7.

Macros to extract fields from date objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Date`, including subclasses (such as `PyDateTime_DateTime`). The argument must not be `NULL`, and the type is not checked:

int PyDateTime_GET_YEAR(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  Return the year, as a positive int.

int PyDateTime_GET_MONTH(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  Return the month, as an int from 1 through 12.

int PyDateTime_GET_DAY(PyDateTime_Date *o)

  Return the day, as an int from 1 through 31.

Macros to extract fields from datetime objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_DateTime`, including subclasses. The argument must not be `NULL`, and the type is not checked:

int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  Return the hour, as an int from 0 through 23.

int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  Return the minute, as an int from 0 through 59.

int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  Return the second, as an int from 0 through 59.

int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  Return the microsecond, as an int from 0 through 999999.

int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  Return the fold, as an int from 0 through 1.

  Added in version 3.6.

PyObject *PyDateTime_DATE_GET_TZINFO(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)

  Return the tzinfo (which may be `None`).

  Added in version 3.10.

Macros to extract fields from time objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Time`, including subclasses. The argument must not be `NULL`, and the type is not checked:

int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  Return the hour, as an int from 0 through 23.

int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  Return the minute, as an int from 0 through 59.

int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  Return the second, as an int from 0 through 59.

int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  Return the microsecond, as an int from 0 through 999999.

int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  Return the fold, as an int from 0 through 1.

  Added in version 3.6.

PyObject *PyDateTime_TIME_GET_TZINFO(PyDateTime_Time *o)

  Return the tzinfo (which may be `None`).

  Added in version 3.10.

Macros to extract fields from time delta objects. The argument must be an instance of `PyDateTime_Delta`, including subclasses. The argument must not be `NULL`, and the type is not checked:

int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  Return the number of days, as an int from -999999999 to 999999999.

  Added in version 3.3.

int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  Return the number of seconds, as an int from 0 through 86399.

  Added in version 3.3.

int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS(PyDateTime_Delta *o)

  Return the number of microseconds, as an int from 0 through 999999.

  Added in version 3.3.

Macros for the convenience of modules implementing the DB API:

PyObject *PyDateTime_FromTimestamp(PyObject *args)
  Return value: New reference.

  Create and return a new `datetime.datetime` object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to `datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp()`.

PyObject *PyDate_FromTimestamp(PyObject *args)
  Return value: New reference.

  Create and return a new `datetime.date` object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to `datetime.date.fromtimestamp()`.

# Internal data

The following symbols are exposed by the C API but should be considered internal-only.

PyDateTime_CAPSULE_NAME

  Name of the datetime capsule to pass to `PyCapsule_Import()`.

  Internal usage only. Use `PyDateTime_IMPORT` instead.