21. Gestion des protocoles internet
***********************************

Les modules documentés dans ce chapitre implémentent des protocoles
relatifs à Internet et à ses technologies relatives.  Ils sont tous
implémentés en Python. La majorité de ces modules nécessitent la
présence du module "socket" lui même dépendant du système, mais fourni
sur la plupart des plateformes populaires. Voici une vue d'ensemble :

* 21.1. "webbrowser" --- Convenient Web-browser controller

  * 21.1.1. Browser Controller Objects

* 21.2. "cgi" --- Common Gateway Interface support

  * 21.2.1. Introduction

  * 21.2.2. Using the cgi module

  * 21.2.3. Higher Level Interface

  * 21.2.4. Fonctions

  * 21.2.5. Caring about security

  * 21.2.6. Installing your CGI script on a Unix system

  * 21.2.7. Testing your CGI script

  * 21.2.8. Debugging CGI scripts

  * 21.2.9. Common problems and solutions

* 21.3. "cgitb" — Gestionnaire d'exceptions pour les scripts CGI

* 21.4. "wsgiref" — Outils et implémentation de référence de WSGI

  * 21.4.1. "wsgiref.util" — outils pour les environnements WSGI

  * 21.4.2. "wsgiref.headers" -- WSGI response header tools

  * 21.4.3. "wsgiref.simple_server" -- a simple WSGI HTTP server

  * 21.4.4. "wsgiref.validate" --- WSGI conformance checker

  * 21.4.5. "wsgiref.handlers" -- server/gateway base classes

  * 21.4.6. Exemples

* 21.5. "urllib" — Modules de gestion des URLs

* 21.6. "urllib.request" --- Extensible library for opening URLs

  * 21.6.1. Request Objects

  * 21.6.2. OpenerDirector Objects

  * 21.6.3. BaseHandler Objects

  * 21.6.4. HTTPRedirectHandler Objects

  * 21.6.5. HTTPCookieProcessor Objects

  * 21.6.6. ProxyHandler Objects

  * 21.6.7. HTTPPasswordMgr Objects

  * 21.6.8. HTTPPasswordMgrWithPriorAuth Objects

  * 21.6.9. AbstractBasicAuthHandler Objects

  * 21.6.10. HTTPBasicAuthHandler Objects

  * 21.6.11. ProxyBasicAuthHandler Objects

  * 21.6.12. AbstractDigestAuthHandler Objects

  * 21.6.13. HTTPDigestAuthHandler Objects

  * 21.6.14. ProxyDigestAuthHandler Objects

  * 21.6.15. HTTPHandler Objects

  * 21.6.16. HTTPSHandler Objects

  * 21.6.17. FileHandler Objects

  * 21.6.18. DataHandler Objects

  * 21.6.19. FTPHandler Objects

  * 21.6.20. CacheFTPHandler Objects

  * 21.6.21. UnknownHandler Objects

  * 21.6.22. HTTPErrorProcessor Objects

  * 21.6.23. Exemples

  * 21.6.24. Legacy interface

  * 21.6.25. "urllib.request" Restrictions

* 21.7. "urllib.response" --- Response classes used by urllib

* 21.8. "urllib.parse" --- Parse URLs into components

  * 21.8.1. URL Parsing

  * 21.8.2. Parsing ASCII Encoded Bytes

  * 21.8.3. Structured Parse Results

  * 21.8.4. URL Quoting

* 21.9. "urllib.error" --- Classes d'exceptions levées par
  *urllib.request*

* 21.10. "urllib.robotparser" — Analyseur de fichiers *robots.txt*

* 21.11. "http" — modules HTTP

  * 21.11.1. Codes d'état HTTP

* 21.12. "http.client" --- HTTP protocol client

  * 21.12.1. HTTPConnection Objects

  * 21.12.2. HTTPResponse Objects

  * 21.12.3. Exemples

  * 21.12.4. HTTPMessage Objects

* 21.13. "ftplib" --- FTP protocol client

  * 21.13.1. FTP Objects

  * 21.13.2. FTP_TLS Objects

* 21.14. "poplib" --- POP3 protocol client

  * 21.14.1. POP3 Objects

  * 21.14.2. POP3 Example

* 21.15. "imaplib" --- IMAP4 protocol client

  * 21.15.1. IMAP4 Objects

  * 21.15.2. IMAP4 Example

* 21.16. "nntplib" --- NNTP protocol client

  * 21.16.1. NNTP Objects

    * 21.16.1.1. Attributes

    * 21.16.1.2. Méthodes

  * 21.16.2. Fonctions utilitaires

* 21.17. "smtplib" --- SMTP protocol client

  * 21.17.1. SMTP Objects

  * 21.17.2. SMTP Example

* 21.18. "smtpd" --- SMTP Server

  * 21.18.1. SMTPServer Objects

  * 21.18.2. DebuggingServer Objects

  * 21.18.3. PureProxy Objects

  * 21.18.4. MailmanProxy Objects

  * 21.18.5. SMTPChannel Objects

* 21.19. "telnetlib" --- Telnet client

  * 21.19.1. Telnet Objects

  * 21.19.2. Telnet Example

* 21.20. "uuid" --- UUID objects according to **RFC 4122**

  * 21.20.1. Exemple

* 21.21. "socketserver" --- A framework for network servers

  * 21.21.1. Server Creation Notes

  * 21.21.2. Objets Serveur

  * 21.21.3. Request Handler Objects

  * 21.21.4. Exemples

    * 21.21.4.1. "socketserver.TCPServer" Example

    * 21.21.4.2. "socketserver.UDPServer" Example

    * 21.21.4.3. Asynchronous Mixins

* 21.22. "http.server" --- HTTP servers

* 21.23. "http.cookies" — gestion d'état pour HTTP

  * 21.23.1. Objets *Cookie*

  * 21.23.2. Objets *Morsel*

  * 21.23.3. Exemple

* 21.24. "http.cookiejar" --- Cookie handling for HTTP clients

  * 21.24.1. CookieJar and FileCookieJar Objects

  * 21.24.2. FileCookieJar subclasses and co-operation with web
    browsers

  * 21.24.3. CookiePolicy Objects

  * 21.24.4. DefaultCookiePolicy Objects

  * 21.24.5. Objets *Cookie*

  * 21.24.6. Exemples

* 21.25. "xmlrpc" — Modules Serveur et Client XMLRPC

* 21.26. "xmlrpc.client" --- XML-RPC client access

  * 21.26.1. ServerProxy Objects

  * 21.26.2. Objets DateTime

  * 21.26.3. Binary Objects

  * 21.26.4. Fault Objects

  * 21.26.5. ProtocolError Objects

  * 21.26.6. MultiCall Objects

  * 21.26.7. Convenience Functions

  * 21.26.8. Example of Client Usage

  * 21.26.9. Example of Client and Server Usage

* 21.27. "xmlrpc.server" --- Basic XML-RPC servers

  * 21.27.1. SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects

    * 21.27.1.1. SimpleXMLRPCServer Example

  * 21.27.2. CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler

  * 21.27.3. Documenting XMLRPC server

  * 21.27.4. DocXMLRPCServer Objects

  * 21.27.5. DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler

* 21.28. "ipaddress" --- IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library

  * 21.28.1. Convenience factory functions

  * 21.28.2. IP Addresses

    * 21.28.2.1. Address objects

    * 21.28.2.2. Conversion to Strings and Integers

    * 21.28.2.3. Opérateurs

      * 21.28.2.3.1. Comparison operators

      * 21.28.2.3.2. Arithmetic operators

  * 21.28.3. IP Network definitions

    * 21.28.3.1. Prefix, net mask and host mask

    * 21.28.3.2. Network objects

    * 21.28.3.3. Opérateurs

      * 21.28.3.3.1. Logical operators

      * 21.28.3.3.2. Itération

      * 21.28.3.3.3. Networks as containers of addresses

  * 21.28.4. Interface objects

    * 21.28.4.1. Opérateurs

      * 21.28.4.1.1. Logical operators

  * 21.28.5. Other Module Level Functions

  * 21.28.6. Custom Exceptions
