"unicodedata" --- Unicode Database
**********************************

======================================================================

This module provides access to the Unicode Character Database (UCD)
which defines character properties for all Unicode characters. The
data contained in this database is compiled from the UCD version
17.0.0.

The module uses the same names and symbols as defined by Unicode
Standard Annex #44, "Unicode Character Database".  It defines the
following functions:

Voir aussi:

  The Guide Unicode for more information about Unicode and how to use
  this module.

unicodedata.lookup(name, /)

   Look up character by name.  If a character with the given name is
   found, return the corresponding character.  If not found,
   "KeyError" is raised. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.lookup('LEFT CURLY BRACKET')
      '{'

   The characters returned by this function are the same as those
   produced by "\N" escape sequence in string literals. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.lookup('MIDDLE DOT') == '\N{MIDDLE DOT}'
      True

   Modifié dans la version 3.3: La gestion des alias [1] et des
   séquences nommées [2] a été ajouté.

unicodedata.name(chr, default=None, /)

   Returns the name assigned to the character *chr* as a string. If no
   name is defined, *default* is returned, or, if not given,
   "ValueError" is raised. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.name('½')
      'VULGAR FRACTION ONE HALF'
      >>> unicodedata.name('\uFFFF', 'fallback')
      'fallback'

unicodedata.decimal(chr, default=None, /)

   Returns the decimal value assigned to the character *chr* as
   integer. If no such value is defined, *default* is returned, or, if
   not given, "ValueError" is raised. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.decimal('\N{ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE}')
      9
      >>> unicodedata.decimal('\N{SUPERSCRIPT NINE}', -1)
      -1

unicodedata.digit(chr, default=None, /)

   Returns the digit value assigned to the character *chr* as integer.
   If no such value is defined, *default* is returned, or, if not
   given, "ValueError" is raised:

      >>> unicodedata.digit('\N{SUPERSCRIPT NINE}')
      9

unicodedata.numeric(chr, default=None, /)

   Returns the numeric value assigned to the character *chr* as float.
   If no such value is defined, *default* is returned, or, if not
   given, "ValueError" is raised:

      >>> unicodedata.numeric('½')
      0.5

unicodedata.category(chr, /)

   Returns the general category assigned to the character *chr* as
   string. General category names consist of two letters. See the
   General Category Values section of the Unicode Character Database
   documentation for a list of category codes. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.category('A')  # 'L'etter, 'u'ppercase
      'Lu'

unicodedata.bidirectional(chr, /)

   Returns the bidirectional class assigned to the character *chr* as
   string. If no such value is defined, an empty string is returned.
   See the Bidirectional Class Values section of the Unicode Character
   Database documentation for a list of bidirectional codes. For
   example:

      >>> unicodedata.bidirectional('\N{ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN}') # 'A'rabic, 'N'umber
      'AN'

unicodedata.combining(chr, /)

   Returns the canonical combining class assigned to the character
   *chr* as integer. Returns "0" if no combining class is defined. See
   the Canonical Combining Class Values section of the Unicode
   Character Database for more information.

unicodedata.east_asian_width(chr, /)

   Returns the east asian width assigned to the character *chr* as
   string. For a list of widths and or more information, see the
   Unicode Standard Annex #11.

unicodedata.block(chr, /)

   Returns the block assigned to the character *chr*. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.block('S')
      'Basic Latin'

   Ajouté dans la version 3.15.

unicodedata.mirrored(chr, /)

   Returns the mirrored property assigned to the character *chr* as
   integer. Returns "1" if the character has been identified as a
   "mirrored" character in bidirectional text, "0" otherwise. For
   example:

      >>> unicodedata.mirrored('>')
      1

unicodedata.isxidstart(chr, /)

   Return "True" if *chr* is a valid identifier start per the Unicode
   Standard Annex #31, that is, it has the "XID_Start" property.
   Return "False" otherwise. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.isxidstart('S')
      True
      >>> unicodedata.isxidstart('0')
      False

   Ajouté dans la version 3.15.

unicodedata.isxidcontinue(chr, /)

   Return "True" if *chr* is a valid identifier character per the
   Unicode Standard Annex #31, that is, it has the "XID_Continue"
   property. Return "False" otherwise. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.isxidcontinue('S')
      True
      >>> unicodedata.isxidcontinue(' ')
      False

   Ajouté dans la version 3.15.

unicodedata.decomposition(chr, /)

   Returns the character decomposition mapping assigned to the
   character *chr* as string. An empty string is returned in case no
   such mapping is defined. For example:

      >>> unicodedata.decomposition('Ã')
      '0041 0303'

unicodedata.grapheme_cluster_break(chr, /)

   Returns the Grapheme_Cluster_Break property assigned to the
   character.

   Ajouté dans la version 3.15.

unicodedata.indic_conjunct_break(chr, /)

   Returns the Indic_Conjunct_Break property assigned to the
   character.

   Ajouté dans la version 3.15.

unicodedata.extended_pictographic(chr, /)

   Returns "True" if the character has the Extended_Pictographic
   property, "False" otherwise.

   Ajouté dans la version 3.15.

unicodedata.normalize(form, unistr, /)

   Renvoie la forme normale *form* de la chaîne de caractère Unicode
   *unistr*. Les valeurs valides de *form* sont *NFC*, *NFKC*, *NFD*,
   et *NFKD*.

   Le standard Unicode définit les différentes variantes de
   normalisation d'une chaîne de caractères Unicode en se basant sur
   les définitions d'équivalence canonique et d'équivalence de
   compatibilité. En Unicode, plusieurs caractères peuvent être
   exprimés de différentes façons. Par exemple, le caractère *U+00C7*
   (*LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA*) peut aussi être exprimé
   comme la séquence *U+0043* (*LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C*) *U+0327*
   (*COMBINING CEDILLA*).

   Pour chaque caractère, il existe deux formes normales: la forme
   normale C et la forme normale D. La forme normale D (NFD) est aussi
   appelée décomposition canonique, et traduit chaque caractère dans
   sa forme décomposée. La forme normale C (NFC) applique d'abord la
   décomposition canonique, puis compose à nouveau les caractères
   pré-combinés.

   In addition to these two forms, there are two additional normal
   forms based on compatibility equivalence. In Unicode, certain
   characters are supported which normally would be unified with other
   characters. For example, U+2160 (ROMAN NUMERAL ONE) is really the
   same thing as U+0049 (LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I). However, it is
   supported in Unicode for compatibility with existing character sets
   (for example, gb2312).

   The normal form KD (NFKD) will apply the compatibility
   decomposition, that is, replace all compatibility characters with
   their equivalents. The normal form KC (NFKC) first applies the
   compatibility decomposition, followed by the canonical composition.

   Même si deux chaînes de caractères Unicode sont normalisées et ont
   la même apparence pour un lecteur humain , si un a des caractères
   combinés et l'autre n'en a pas, elles peuvent ne pas être égales
   lors d'une comparaison.

unicodedata.is_normalized(form, unistr, /)

   Return whether the Unicode string *unistr* is in the normal form
   *form*. Valid values for *form* are 'NFC', 'NFKC', 'NFD', and
   'NFKD'.

   Ajouté dans la version 3.8.

unicodedata.iter_graphemes(unistr, start=0, end=sys.maxsize, /)

   Returns an iterator to iterate over grapheme clusters. With
   optional *start*, iteration begins at that position. With optional
   *end*, iteration stops at that position.

   Converting an emitted item to string returns a substring
   corresponding to the grapheme cluster. Its "start" and "end"
   attributes denote the start and end of the grapheme cluster.

   It uses extended grapheme cluster rules defined by Unicode Standard
   Annex #29, "Unicode Text Segmentation".

   Ajouté dans la version 3.15.

De plus, ce module expose la constante suivante :

unicodedata.unidata_version

   La version de la base de données Unicode utilisée dans ce module.

unicodedata.ucd_3_2_0

   This is an object that has most of the methods of the entire
   module, but uses the Unicode database version 3.2 instead, for
   applications that require this specific version of the Unicode
   database (such as IDNA).

-[ Notes ]-

[1] https://www.unicode.org/Public/17.0.0/ucd/NameAliases.txt

[2] https://www.unicode.org/Public/17.0.0/ucd/NamedSequences.txt
