Objets code¶
Les objets Code sont spécifiques à l'implémentation bas niveau de CPython. Chacun d'eux représente une partie de code exécutable, qui n'a pas encore été lié dans une fonction.
-
type PyCodeObject¶
La structure C utilisée pour décrire les objets Code. Les attributs de cette structure sont sujets à changer à tout moment.
-
PyTypeObject PyCode_Type¶
This is an instance of
PyTypeObject
representing the Python code object.
-
int PyCode_Check(PyObject *co)¶
Return true if co is a code object. This function always succeeds.
-
Py_ssize_t PyCode_GetNumFree(PyCodeObject *co)¶
Return the number of free variables in a code object.
-
int PyCode_GetFirstFree(PyCodeObject *co)¶
Return the position of the first free variable in a code object.
-
PyCodeObject *PyUnstable_Code_New(int argcount, int kwonlyargcount, int nlocals, int stacksize, int flags, PyObject *code, PyObject *consts, PyObject *names, PyObject *varnames, PyObject *freevars, PyObject *cellvars, PyObject *filename, PyObject *name, PyObject *qualname, int firstlineno, PyObject *linetable, PyObject *exceptiontable)¶
- This is Unstable API. It may change without warning in minor releases.
Return a new code object. If you need a dummy code object to create a frame, use
PyCode_NewEmpty()
instead.Since the definition of the bytecode changes often, calling
PyUnstable_Code_New()
directly can bind you to a precise Python version.The many arguments of this function are inter-dependent in complex ways, meaning that subtle changes to values are likely to result in incorrect execution or VM crashes. Use this function only with extreme care.
Modifié dans la version 3.11: Added
qualname
andexceptiontable
parameters.Modifié dans la version 3.12: Renamed from
PyCode_New
as part of Unstable C API. The old name is deprecated, but will remain available until the signature changes again.
-
PyCodeObject *PyUnstable_Code_NewWithPosOnlyArgs(int argcount, int posonlyargcount, int kwonlyargcount, int nlocals, int stacksize, int flags, PyObject *code, PyObject *consts, PyObject *names, PyObject *varnames, PyObject *freevars, PyObject *cellvars, PyObject *filename, PyObject *name, PyObject *qualname, int firstlineno, PyObject *linetable, PyObject *exceptiontable)¶
- This is Unstable API. It may change without warning in minor releases.
Similar to
PyUnstable_Code_New()
, but with an extra "posonlyargcount" for positional-only arguments. The same caveats that apply toPyUnstable_Code_New
also apply to this function.Ajouté dans la version 3.8: as
PyCode_NewWithPosOnlyArgs
Modifié dans la version 3.11: Added
qualname
andexceptiontable
parameters.Modifié dans la version 3.12: Renamed to
PyUnstable_Code_NewWithPosOnlyArgs
. The old name is deprecated, but will remain available until the signature changes again.
-
PyCodeObject *PyCode_NewEmpty(const char *filename, const char *funcname, int firstlineno)¶
- Valeur de retour : nouvelle référence.
Return a new empty code object with the specified filename, function name, and first line number. The resulting code object will raise an
Exception
if executed.
-
int PyCode_Addr2Line(PyCodeObject *co, int byte_offset)¶
Return the line number of the instruction that occurs on or before
byte_offset
and ends after it. If you just need the line number of a frame, usePyFrame_GetLineNumber()
instead.For efficiently iterating over the line numbers in a code object, use the API described in PEP 626.
-
int PyCode_Addr2Location(PyObject *co, int byte_offset, int *start_line, int *start_column, int *end_line, int *end_column)¶
Sets the passed
int
pointers to the source code line and column numbers for the instruction atbyte_offset
. Sets the value to0
when information is not available for any particular element.Returns
1
if the function succeeds and 0 otherwise.Ajouté dans la version 3.11.
-
PyObject *PyCode_GetCode(PyCodeObject *co)¶
Equivalent to the Python code
getattr(co, 'co_code')
. Returns a strong reference to aPyBytesObject
representing the bytecode in a code object. On error,NULL
is returned and an exception is raised.This
PyBytesObject
may be created on-demand by the interpreter and does not necessarily represent the bytecode actually executed by CPython. The primary use case for this function is debuggers and profilers.Ajouté dans la version 3.11.
-
PyObject *PyCode_GetVarnames(PyCodeObject *co)¶
Equivalent to the Python code
getattr(co, 'co_varnames')
. Returns a new reference to aPyTupleObject
containing the names of the local variables. On error,NULL
is returned and an exception is raised.Ajouté dans la version 3.11.
-
PyObject *PyCode_GetCellvars(PyCodeObject *co)¶
Equivalent to the Python code
getattr(co, 'co_cellvars')
. Returns a new reference to aPyTupleObject
containing the names of the local variables that are referenced by nested functions. On error,NULL
is returned and an exception is raised.Ajouté dans la version 3.11.
-
PyObject *PyCode_GetFreevars(PyCodeObject *co)¶
Equivalent to the Python code
getattr(co, 'co_freevars')
. Returns a new reference to aPyTupleObject
containing the names of the free variables. On error,NULL
is returned and an exception is raised.Ajouté dans la version 3.11.
-
int PyCode_AddWatcher(PyCode_WatchCallback callback)¶
Register callback as a code object watcher for the current interpreter. Return an ID which may be passed to
PyCode_ClearWatcher()
. In case of error (e.g. no more watcher IDs available), return-1
and set an exception.Ajouté dans la version 3.12.
-
int PyCode_ClearWatcher(int watcher_id)¶
Clear watcher identified by watcher_id previously returned from
PyCode_AddWatcher()
for the current interpreter. Return0
on success, or-1
and set an exception on error (e.g. if the given watcher_id was never registered.)Ajouté dans la version 3.12.
-
type PyCodeEvent¶
Enumeration of possible code object watcher events: -
PY_CODE_EVENT_CREATE
-PY_CODE_EVENT_DESTROY
Ajouté dans la version 3.12.
-
typedef int (*PyCode_WatchCallback)(PyCodeEvent event, PyCodeObject *co)¶
Type of a code object watcher callback function.
If event is
PY_CODE_EVENT_CREATE
, then the callback is invoked after co has been fully initialized. Otherwise, the callback is invoked before the destruction of co takes place, so the prior state of co can be inspected.If event is
PY_CODE_EVENT_DESTROY
, taking a reference in the callback to the about-to-be-destroyed code object will resurrect it and prevent it from being freed at this time. When the resurrected object is destroyed later, any watcher callbacks active at that time will be called again.Users of this API should not rely on internal runtime implementation details. Such details may include, but are not limited to, the exact order and timing of creation and destruction of code objects. While changes in these details may result in differences observable by watchers (including whether a callback is invoked or not), it does not change the semantics of the Python code being executed.
If the callback sets an exception, it must return
-1
; this exception will be printed as an unraisable exception usingPyErr_WriteUnraisable()
. Otherwise it should return0
.There may already be a pending exception set on entry to the callback. In this case, the callback should return
0
with the same exception still set. This means the callback may not call any other API that can set an exception unless it saves and clears the exception state first, and restores it before returning.Ajouté dans la version 3.12.
Extra information¶
To support low-level extensions to frame evaluation, such as external just-in-time compilers, it is possible to attach arbitrary extra data to code objects.
These functions are part of the unstable C API tier: this functionality is a CPython implementation detail, and the API may change without deprecation warnings.
-
Py_ssize_t PyUnstable_Eval_RequestCodeExtraIndex(freefunc free)¶
- This is Unstable API. It may change without warning in minor releases.
Return a new an opaque index value used to adding data to code objects.
You generally call this function once (per interpreter) and use the result with
PyCode_GetExtra
andPyCode_SetExtra
to manipulate data on individual code objects.If free is not
NULL
: when a code object is deallocated, free will be called on non-NULL
data stored under the new index. UsePy_DecRef()
when storingPyObject
.Ajouté dans la version 3.6: as
_PyEval_RequestCodeExtraIndex
Modifié dans la version 3.12: Renamed to
PyUnstable_Eval_RequestCodeExtraIndex
. The old private name is deprecated, but will be available until the API changes.
-
int PyUnstable_Code_GetExtra(PyObject *code, Py_ssize_t index, void **extra)¶
- This is Unstable API. It may change without warning in minor releases.
Set extra to the extra data stored under the given index. Return 0 on success. Set an exception and return -1 on failure.
If no data was set under the index, set extra to
NULL
and return 0 without setting an exception.Ajouté dans la version 3.6: as
_PyCode_GetExtra
Modifié dans la version 3.12: Renamed to
PyUnstable_Code_GetExtra
. The old private name is deprecated, but will be available until the API changes.
-
int PyUnstable_Code_SetExtra(PyObject *code, Py_ssize_t index, void *extra)¶
- This is Unstable API. It may change without warning in minor releases.
Set the extra data stored under the given index to extra. Return 0 on success. Set an exception and return -1 on failure.
Ajouté dans la version 3.6: as
_PyCode_SetExtra
Modifié dans la version 3.12: Renamed to
PyUnstable_Code_SetExtra
. The old private name is deprecated, but will be available until the API changes.