msvcrt
--- Useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime¶
Ces fonctions permettent d'accéder à certaines capacités utiles sur les plateformes Windows. Certains modules de plus haut niveau utilisent ces fonctions pour construire les implémentations Windows de leurs services. Par exemple, le module getpass
les utilise dans l'implémentation de la fonction getpass()
.
Further documentation on these functions can be found in the Platform API documentation.
The module implements both the normal and wide char variants of the console I/O api. The normal API deals only with ASCII characters and is of limited use for internationalized applications. The wide char API should be used where ever possible.
Modifié dans la version 3.3: Les opérations de ce module lèvent désormais OSError
au lieu de IOError
.
Opérations sur les fichiers¶
- msvcrt.locking(fd, mode, nbytes)¶
Lock part of a file based on file descriptor fd from the C runtime. Raises
OSError
on failure. The locked region of the file extends from the current file position for nbytes bytes, and may continue beyond the end of the file. mode must be one of theLK_*
constants listed below. Multiple regions in a file may be locked at the same time, but may not overlap. Adjacent regions are not merged; they must be unlocked individually.Raises an auditing event
msvcrt.locking
with argumentsfd
,mode
,nbytes
.
- msvcrt.LK_LOCK¶
- msvcrt.LK_RLCK¶
Verrouille les octets spécifiés. Si les octets ne peuvent pas être verrouillés, le programme réessaie immédiatement après 1 seconde. Si, après 10 tentatives, les octets ne peuvent pas être verrouillés,
OSError
est levée.
- msvcrt.LK_NBLCK¶
- msvcrt.LK_NBRLCK¶
Verrouille les octets spécifiés. Si les octets ne peuvent pas être verrouillés,
OSError
est levée.
- msvcrt.LK_UNLCK¶
Déverrouille les octets spécifiés, qui doivent avoir été précédemment verrouillés.
- msvcrt.setmode(fd, flags)¶
Set the line-end translation mode for the file descriptor fd. To set it to text mode, flags should be
os.O_TEXT
; for binary, it should beos.O_BINARY
.
- msvcrt.open_osfhandle(handle, flags)¶
Create a C runtime file descriptor from the file handle handle. The flags parameter should be a bitwise OR of
os.O_APPEND
,os.O_RDONLY
, andos.O_TEXT
. The returned file descriptor may be used as a parameter toos.fdopen()
to create a file object.Raises an auditing event
msvcrt.open_osfhandle
with argumentshandle
,flags
.
- msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fd)¶
Return the file handle for the file descriptor fd. Raises
OSError
if fd is not recognized.Raises an auditing event
msvcrt.get_osfhandle
with argumentfd
.
Entrées-sorties sur un terminal¶
- msvcrt.kbhit()¶
Renvoie
True
si une touche est en attente de lecture.
- msvcrt.getch()¶
Read a keypress and return the resulting character as a byte string. Nothing is echoed to the console. This call will block if a keypress is not already available, but will not wait for Enter to be pressed. If the pressed key was a special function key, this will return
'\000'
or'\xe0'
; the next call will return the keycode. The Control-C keypress cannot be read with this function.
- msvcrt.getche()¶
Similar to
getch()
, but the keypress will be echoed if it represents a printable character.
- msvcrt.putch(char)¶
Print the byte string char to the console without buffering.
- msvcrt.putwch(unicode_char)¶
Variante de
putch()
qui accepte une valeur Unicode et l'écrit comme caractère large.
Autres fonctions¶
- msvcrt.heapmin()¶
Force the
malloc()
heap to clean itself up and return unused blocks to the operating system. On failure, this raisesOSError
.
- msvcrt.CRT_ASSEMBLY_VERSION¶
The CRT Assembly version, from the
crtassem.h
header file.
- msvcrt.VC_ASSEMBLY_PUBLICKEYTOKEN¶
The VC Assembly public key token, from the
crtassem.h
header file.
- msvcrt.LIBRARIES_ASSEMBLY_NAME_PREFIX¶
The Libraries Assembly name prefix, from the
crtassem.h
header file.