`http` — modules HTTP¶

Code source : Lib/http/__init__.py

http est un paquet qui rassemble plusieurs modules servant à travailler avec le protocole HTTP (HyperText Transfer Procotol) :

Le module http.client est un client HTTP bas niveau. Pour accéder à des ressources web, utiliser le module haut niveau urllib.request
Le module http.server contient des classes serveur HTTP basiques basées sur socketserver
Le module http.cookies contient des utilitaires liés à la gestion d'état HTTP via les cookies
Le module http.cookiejar fournit un mécanisme de persistance des cookies

The http module also defines the following enums that help you work with http related code:

class http.HTTPStatus¶

Nouveau dans la version 3.5.

Sous-classe de enum.IntEnum qui définit un ensemble de codes d'état HTTP, messages explicatifs et descriptions complètes écrites en anglais.

Utilisation :

>>> from http import HTTPStatus
>>> HTTPStatus.OK
HTTPStatus.OK
>>> HTTPStatus.OK == 200
True
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.value
200
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.phrase
'OK'
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.description
'Request fulfilled, document follows'
>>> list(HTTPStatus)
[HTTPStatus.CONTINUE, HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS, ...]

Codes d'état HTTP¶

Supported, IANA-registered status codes available in http.HTTPStatus are:

Code	Message	Détails
`100`	`CONTINUE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.1
`101`	`SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.2
`102`	`PROCESSING`	WebDAV RFC 2518, Section 10.1
`103`	`EARLY_HINTS`	An HTTP Status Code for Indicating Hints RFC 8297
`200`	`OK`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.1
`201`	`CREATED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.2
`202`	`ACCEPTED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.3
`203`	`NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.4
`204`	`NO_CONTENT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.5
`205`	`RESET_CONTENT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.6
`206`	`PARTIAL_CONTENT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7233, Section 4.1
`207`	`MULTI_STATUS`	WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.1
`208`	`ALREADY_REPORTED`	WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.1 (Expérimental)
`226`	`IM_USED`	Delta Encoding in HTTP RFC 3229, Section 10.4.1
`300`	`MULTIPLE_CHOICES`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.1
`301`	`MOVED_PERMANENTLY`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.2
`302`	`FOUND`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.3
`303`	`SEE_OTHER`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4
`304`	`NOT_MODIFIED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.1
`305`	`USE_PROXY`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.5
`307`	`TEMPORARY_REDIRECT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.7
`308`	`PERMANENT_REDIRECT`	Permanent Redirect RFC 7238, Section 3 (Expérimental)
`400`	`BAD_REQUEST`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.1
`401`	`UNAUTHORIZED`	HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1
`402`	`PAYMENT_REQUIRED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.2
`403`	`FORBIDDEN`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.3
`404`	`NOT_FOUND`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.4
`405`	`METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.5
`406`	`NOT_ACCEPTABLE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.6
`407`	`PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED`	HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.2
`408`	`REQUEST_TIMEOUT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.7
`409`	`CONFLICT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.8
`410`	`GONE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.9
`411`	`LENGTH_REQUIRED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.10
`412`	`PRECONDITION_FAILED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.2
`413`	`REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.11
`414`	`REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.12
`415`	`UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.13
`416`	`REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE`	HTTP/1.1 Range Requests RFC 7233, Section 4.4
`417`	`EXPECTATION_FAILED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.14
`418`	`IM_A_TEAPOT`	HTCPCP/1.0 RFC 2324, Section 2.3.2
`421`	`MISDIRECTED_REQUEST`	HTTP/2 RFC 7540, Section 9.1.2
`422`	`UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY`	WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.2
`423`	`LOCKED`	WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.3
`424`	`FAILED_DEPENDENCY`	WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.4
`425`	`TOO_EARLY`	Using Early Data in HTTP RFC 8470
`426`	`UPGRADE_REQUIRED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.15
`428`	`PRECONDITION_REQUIRED`	Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585
`429`	`TOO_MANY_REQUESTS`	Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585
`431`	`REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE`	Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585
`451`	`UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS`	An HTTP Status Code to Report Legal Obstacles RFC 7725
`500`	`INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.1
`501`	`NOT_IMPLEMENTED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.2
`502`	`BAD_GATEWAY`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.3
`503`	`SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.4
`504`	`GATEWAY_TIMEOUT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.5
`505`	`HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.6
`506`	`VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES`	Transparent Content Negotiation in HTTP RFC 2295, Section 8.1 (Expérimental)
`507`	`INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE`	WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.5
`508`	`LOOP_DETECTED`	WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Expérimental)
`510`	`NOT_EXTENDED`	An HTTP Extension Framework RFC 2774, Section 7 (Expérimental)
`511`	`NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED`	Codes d'état HTTP supplémentaires RFC 6585, Section 6

Dans le but de préserver la compatibilité descendante, les valeurs d'énumération sont aussi présentes dans le module http.client sous forme de constantes. Les noms de valeurs de l'énumération sont accessibles de deux manières : par exemple, le code HTTP 200 est accessible sous les noms http.HTTPStatus.OK et http.client.OK.

Modifié dans la version 3.7: Ajouté le code d'état 421 MISDIRECTED_REQUEST.

Nouveau dans la version 3.8: Added 451 UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS status code.

Nouveau dans la version 3.9: Added 103 EARLY_HINTS, 418 IM_A_TEAPOT and 425 TOO_EARLY status codes.

class http.HTTPMethod¶

Nouveau dans la version 3.11.

A subclass of enum.StrEnum that defines a set of HTTP methods and descriptions written in English.

Utilisation :

>>> from http import HTTPMethod
>>>
>>> HTTPMethod.GET
<HTTPMethod.GET>
>>> HTTPMethod.GET == 'GET'
True
>>> HTTPMethod.GET.value
'GET'
>>> HTTPMethod.GET.description
'Retrieve the target.'
>>> list(HTTPMethod)
[<HTTPMethod.CONNECT>,
 <HTTPMethod.DELETE>,
 <HTTPMethod.GET>,
 <HTTPMethod.HEAD>,
 <HTTPMethod.OPTIONS>,
 <HTTPMethod.PATCH>,
 <HTTPMethod.POST>,
 <HTTPMethod.PUT>,
 <HTTPMethod.TRACE>]

HTTP methods¶

Supported, IANA-registered methods available in http.HTTPMethod are:

Method	Message	Détails
`GET`	`GET`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.1
`HEAD`	`HEAD`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.2
`POST`	`POST`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.3
`PUT`	`PUT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.4
`DELETE`	`DELETE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.5
`CONNECT`	`CONNECT`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.6
`OPTIONS`	`OPTIONS`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.7
`TRACE`	`TRACE`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 4.3.8
`PATCH`	`PATCH`	HTTP/1.1 RFC 5789

`http` — modules HTTP¶

Codes d'état HTTP¶

HTTP methods¶

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http — modules HTTP¶

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