14.3. netrc
— netrc file processing¶
Source code: Lib/netrc.py
The netrc
class parses and encapsulates the netrc file format used by
the Unix ftp program and other FTP clients.
-
class
netrc.
netrc
([file])¶ A
netrc
instance or subclass instance encapsulates data from a netrc file. The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse. If no argument is given, the file.netrc
in the user’s home directory will be read. Parse errors will raiseNetrcParseError
with diagnostic information including the file name, line number, and terminating token. If no argument is specified on a POSIX system, the presence of passwords in the.netrc
file will raise aNetrcParseError
if the file ownership or permissions are insecure (owned by a user other than the user running the process, or accessible for read or write by any other user). This implements security behavior equivalent to that of ftp and other programs that use.netrc
.Distinto en la versión 3.4: Added the POSIX permission check.
-
exception
netrc.
NetrcParseError
¶ Exception raised by the
netrc
class when syntactical errors are encountered in source text. Instances of this exception provide three interesting attributes:msg
is a textual explanation of the error,filename
is the name of the source file, andlineno
gives the line number on which the error was found.
14.3.1. netrc Objects¶
A netrc
instance has the following methods:
-
netrc.
authenticators
(host)¶ Return a 3-tuple
(login, account, password)
of authenticators for host. If the netrc file did not contain an entry for the given host, return the tuple associated with the “default” entry. If neither matching host nor default entry is available, returnNone
.
-
netrc.
__repr__
()¶ Dump the class data as a string in the format of a netrc file. (This discards comments and may reorder the entries.)
Instances of netrc
have public instance variables:
-
netrc.
hosts
¶ Dictionary mapping host names to
(login, account, password)
tuples. The “default” entry, if any, is represented as a pseudo-host by that name.
-
netrc.
macros
¶ Dictionary mapping macro names to string lists.
Nota
Passwords are limited to a subset of the ASCII character set. All ASCII punctuation is allowed in passwords, however, note that whitespace and non-printable characters are not allowed in passwords. This is a limitation of the way the .netrc file is parsed and may be removed in the future.