"importlib.resources" -- Resources
**********************************

**Source code:** Lib/importlib/resources.py

======================================================================

New in version 3.7.

This module leverages Python's import system to provide access to
*resources* within *packages*.  If you can import a package, you can
access resources within that package.  Resources can be opened or
read, in either binary or text mode.

Resources are roughly akin to files inside directories, though it's
important to keep in mind that this is just a metaphor.  Resources and
packages **do not** have to exist as physical files and directories on
the file system.

Note:

  This module provides functionality similar to pkg_resources Basic
  Resource Access without the performance overhead of that package.
  This makes reading resources included in packages easier, with more
  stable and consistent semantics.The standalone backport of this
  module provides more information on using importlib.resources and
  migrating from pkg_resources to importlib.resources and migrating
  legacy usage.

Loaders that wish to support resource reading should implement a
"get_resource_reader(fullname)" method as specified by
"importlib.abc.ResourceReader".

The following types are defined.

importlib.resources.Package

   The "Package" type is defined as "Union[str, ModuleType]".  This
   means that where the function describes accepting a "Package", you
   can pass in either a string or a module.  Module objects must have
   a resolvable "__spec__.submodule_search_locations" that is not
   "None".

importlib.resources.Resource

   This type describes the resource names passed into the various
   functions in this package.  This is defined as "Union[str,
   os.PathLike]".

The following functions are available.

importlib.resources.files(package)

   Returns an "importlib.resources.abc.Traversable" object
   representing the resource container for the package (think
   directory) and its resources (think files). A Traversable may
   contain other containers (think subdirectories).

   *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to the
   "Package" requirements.

   New in version 3.9.

importlib.resources.as_file(traversable)

   Given a "importlib.resources.abc.Traversable" object representing a
   file, typically from "importlib.resources.files()", return a
   context manager for use in a "with" statement. The context manager
   provides a "pathlib.Path" object.

   Exiting the context manager cleans up any temporary file created
   when the resource was extracted from e.g. a zip file.

   Use "as_file" when the Traversable methods ("read_text", etc) are
   insufficient and an actual file on the file system is required.

   New in version 3.9.

importlib.resources.open_binary(package, resource)

      Open for binary reading the *resource* within *package*.

      *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to
      the "Package" requirements.  *resource* is the name of the
      resource to open within *package*; it may not contain path
      separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be
      a directory).  This function returns a "typing.BinaryIO"
      instance, a binary I/O stream open for reading.

   Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.open_text(package, resource, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')

      Open for text reading the *resource* within *package*.  By
      default, the resource is opened for reading as UTF-8.

      *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to
      the "Package" requirements.  *resource* is the name of the
      resource to open within *package*; it may not contain path
      separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be
      a directory).  *encoding* and *errors* have the same meaning as
      with built-in "open()".

      This function returns a "typing.TextIO" instance, a text I/O
      stream open for reading.

   Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.read_binary(package, resource)

      Read and return the contents of the *resource* within *package*
      as "bytes".

      *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to
      the "Package" requirements.  *resource* is the name of the
      resource to open within *package*; it may not contain path
      separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be
      a directory).  This function returns the contents of the
      resource as "bytes".

   Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.read_text(package, resource, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')

      Read and return the contents of *resource* within *package* as a
      "str". By default, the contents are read as strict UTF-8.

      *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to
      the "Package" requirements.  *resource* is the name of the
      resource to open within *package*; it may not contain path
      separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be
      a directory).  *encoding* and *errors* have the same meaning as
      with built-in "open()".  This function returns the contents of
      the resource as "str".

   Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.path(package, resource)

      Return the path to the *resource* as an actual file system path.
      This function returns a context manager for use in a "with"
      statement. The context manager provides a "pathlib.Path" object.

      Exiting the context manager cleans up any temporary file created
      when the resource needs to be extracted from e.g. a zip file.

      *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to
      the "Package" requirements.  *resource* is the name of the
      resource to open within *package*; it may not contain path
      separators and it may not have sub-resources (i.e. it cannot be
      a directory).

   Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.is_resource(package, name)

      Return "True" if there is a resource named *name* in the
      package, otherwise "False".  Remember that directories are *not*
      resources! *package* is either a name or a module object which
      conforms to the "Package" requirements.

   Deprecated since version 3.11.

importlib.resources.contents(package)

      Return an iterable over the named items within the package.  The
      iterable returns "str" resources (e.g. files) and non-resources
      (e.g. directories).  The iterable does not recurse into
      subdirectories.

      *package* is either a name or a module object which conforms to
      the "Package" requirements.

   Deprecated since version 3.11.
